AP Bio Unit 2

Multiple Select

The basic structural and functional units of every organism is that all cells:

• 1. Are bound by a plasma membrane

• 1. Contain cytosol

• 1. Contain chromosomes

• 1. Contain ribosomes

• Contain Nucleus

Categorize

Options (6)

• Domains Bacteria and Archaea

• DNA is in the nucleoid region

• Generally smaller in size than eukaryotes

• Protists, fungi, animals, and plants

• DNA is in the nucleus

• Contain membrane bound organelles

Organize these options into the right categories

prokaryotes

eukaryotes

​If it makes it easier to remember that prokaryotes doesn't contains a nucleus, pro sounds like no

Categorize

Options (8)

Mitochondria

Chloroplasts

1. Nuclear envelope

1. Endoplasmic reticulum

1. Golgi complex

1. Lysosomes

1. Vesicles/Vacuoles

1. Plasma membrane

Organize these options into the right categories

Endomembrane organelles

Energy organelles

Labelling

Match the organelles

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Cell Wall & Membrane

Golgi Complex

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Vacuole

Lysosomes

Peroxisomes

Nucleus

Chloroplasts

Mitochondrion

Labelling

Label the Compartmentalization Process

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Ancestral Eukaryote

Ancestral Prokaryote

In folding of plasma membrane

Endosymbiosis

Dropdown

Compartmentalization in organelles ​

Select answer

surface area for reactions to occur, and ​

Select answer

interfering reactions from occurring in the ​

Select answer

location

Fill in the Blank

____________ in organelles allows for different metabolic reactions to occur in different locations

Categorize

Options (7)

Chloroplasts

• Central vacuole

• Cell wall

Plasmodesmata

Lysosomes

Centrosomes

Flagella

Organize these Unique Cell Components

Plants

Animals

Dropdown

The Nucleus ​

Select answer

(genetic information). Nucleus are Enclosed by the ​

Select answer

which contains ​

Select answer

& ​

Select answer

(regulate entry and exit of materials from the cell)

Hotspot

click on Nucleolus

Hotspot

click on Nuclear Pores

Hotspot

click on Nucleoplasm

Hotspot

click on nuclear envelope

Dropdown

rRNA is combined with proteins to form large and small subunits of ​​

Select answer

Drag and Drop

Ribosomes translate messages found on ​​

Placeholder

into the ​

Placeholder

​ structure of polypeptides

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

mRNA

primary

secondary

RNA

Dropdown

-​

Select answer

are Proteins produced here generally function within the cytosol (ie enzymes)

-​

Select answer

that are Bound to the endoplasmic reticulum or ​

Select answer

produce Proteins here can be secreted from the cell

Categorize

Options (5)

• Contains ribosomes bound to the ER membrane

• Contains no ribosomes

• Synthesizes lipids, metabolizes carbohydrates, and detoxifies the cell

Organize these options into the right categories

Rough ER

Smooth ER

Fill in the Blank

Golgi Complex Contains flattened membranous sacs, called _______

Multiple Select

which is true about cisternae?

• • Separate the sacs from the cytosol

• • Each cisternae is not connected

• • Has directionality

• • Each cisternae is connected

• • Combine the sacs from the cytosol

Dropdown

- ​

Select answer

Receives vesicles from the ER

- ​

Select answer

Sends vesicles back out into cytosol to other locations or to the plasma membrane for secretion

Categorize

Options (12)

• Synthesize proteins

Can be found in Cytosol

1. Bound to the endoplasmic reticulum or nuclear envelope

• Synthesizes membranes

Compartmentalize the cell to keep proteins formed in the rough ER

• Receives transport vesicles with materials from the ER

Modifies the materials

• Sorts the materials

• Adds molecular tags

Packages materials into new transport vesicles that exit the membrane via exocytosis

• Hydrolyzes macromolecules in animal cells

A network of membranous sacs and tubes

Match the following functions

Ribosomes

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Golgi Complex

Lysosomes

Categorize

Options (13)

• Hollow, tube-like structures made of the protein tubulin

• Help maintain cell shape and provide tracks for organelle movement

• Form centrioles involved in cell division

• Make up cilia and flagella for cell motility

• Solid rods made of the protein actin

• Maintain cell shape through bearing tension

• Contract with myosin protein to enable muscle contraction and cell movement

• Form contractile ring that divides animal cells during cytokinesis

• Made of fibrous protein subunits (vary by cell type)

• Provide structural integrity to cells

• Anchor organelles in place in cytoplasm

• Form nuclear lamina layer lining the nuclear envelope

• More permanent cytoskeletal structures compared to microtubules and microfilaments

Organize these options into the right categories

Microtubules

Microfilaments

Intermediate filaments

Fill in the Blank

Cellular metabolism depends on ____ ____

Match

• Match Formulas for spherical cells

  • SA = 4πr2

  • V =   4/3πr3

  • SA:V ratio = SA/V

• • SA

• • V

• • SA:V ratio

• 4πr2

• 4/3πr3

• SA/V (4πr2)/(4/3πr3)

• • 4πr2

• • 4/3πr3

• • SA/V (4πr2)/(4/3πr3)

Drag and Drop

Match the following Formulas for cuboidal cells

height x width x number of sides x number of boxes -

Placeholder

height x width x length x number of boxes -

Placeholder

SA to V ratio =​

Placeholder

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

Total SA

Total V

SA/V

Dropdown

Plasma Membrane ​

Select answer

internal cell environment from external environment, and Comprises primarily of ​

Select answer

Multiple Select

• What is true about amphipathic?

• • Hydrophilic Tails and hydrophobic Head

• • Hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails

• • Forms a bilayer

Multiple Choice

Selective permeability

• Property of a membrane that allows substances to pass through randomly
• Ability of a membrane to allow all substances to pass through
• The ability of membranes to regulate the substances that enter and exit

• Property of a membrane that allows only water to pass through

Categorize

Options (5)

• Proteins that are not embedded into the lipid bilayer

• Loosely bonded to the surface

• Proteins that are embedded into the lipid bilayer

• aka transmembrane proteins 

• Amphipathic

Organize these options into the right categories

Integral proteins

Peripheral proteins

Categorize

Options (3)

• Carbohydrates bonded to lipids

• Carbohydrates bonded to proteins

• Most abundant

Organize these options into the right categories

Glycolipids

Glycoproteins

Multiple Choice

plasmodesmata

• Large channels that connect plant cells
• Tiny channels that connect animal cells
• Channels that transport water in plants
• Small channels that connect plant cells

Categorize

Options (3)

• Movement of molecules from high to low concentration

• Passage of water across a selectively permeable membrane

• Transport of molecules through specific proteins in the membrane

Organize these options into the right categories

Diffusion

Osmosis

Facilitated diffusion

Match

Match the following

• • Provide a channel for molecules and ions to pass

• • Only allow passage when there is a stimulus

• • specific channel protein for water

• • Undergo conformational changes for substances to pass

• Channel protein

• Gated channel

• Aquaporin

Carrier proteins

• • Channel protein

• • Gated channel

• • Aquaporin

• Carrier proteins

Dropdown

Active Transport of a molecule that requires ​

Select answer

because it moves a solute ​

Select answer

its concentration gradient

Multiple Choice

what is atp?

• adenosine tetraphosphate
• adenosine triphosphate
• adenosine diphosphate
• adenosine monophosphate

Multiple Choice

What provides the energy for the sodium-potassium pump?

• ATP

• Diffusion

• Osmosis

• Cotransport

Dropdown

Categorize as high or low concentration in the cell:

Sodium ions: ​

Select answer

Potassium ions: ​

Select answer

Match

Match the following

• • Sodium-potassium pump

• • Electrogenic pump

• • Membrane potential

• • Conformational change

• Shape change of transport protein

• Unequal ion distribution across membrane

• Pump that generates voltage

• Actively exchanges Na+ and K+

• • Shape change of transport protein

• • Unequal ion distribution across membrane

• • Pump that generates voltage

• • Actively exchanges Na+ and K+

Categorize

Options (6)

exchanges Na+ and K+

• transports H+

found in animal cells

found in plants, fungi, bacteria

generates membrane potential

doesn't directly generate membrane potential

Organize these options into the right categories

Proton Pump

Sodium-potassium pump

Categorize

Options (2)

Diffusion of H+ ions out of a plant cell

Active transport of sucrose into a plant cell against its gradient

Organize these options into the right categories

Favorable

Unfavorable

Match

Match the following

• • Movement of a molecule against its gradient, requires energy

• • Movement of a molecule down its concentration gradient

• • Coupling an unfavorable and favorable movement

• • Diffusion down a concentration gradient

• • Transport requiring energy input

• Favorable movement

• Unfavorable movement

• Cotransport

• Downhill diffusion

• Uphill transport

• • Favorable movement

• • Unfavorable movement

• • Cotransport

• • Downhill diffusion

• • Uphill transport

Multiple Choice

What provides the energy for the uphill transport of molecules during cotransport?

• ATP

• Diffusion of another molecule down its concentration gradient

• The electrochemical gradient

• Endocytosis

Fill in the Blank

Fill in the blank: In the sucrose-H+ cotransporter, the downhill diffusion of __ provides the energy for uphill transport of sucrose.

+

Categorize

Options (8)

involve transport of molecules through vesicles in the membrane

• Vesicles fuse with or pinch off from the plasma membrane

secretes molecules out of the cell through vesicles fusing with the membrane

• brings molecules into the cell through vesicles pinching inward

• releases contents out of the cell

• takes up contents into the cell

requires energy to fuse vesicles

requires energy to form vesicles

Organize these options into the right categories

exocytosis

endocytosis

Both

Categorize

Options (11)

• Immune cells engulfing large particles like pathogens

• Uses pseudopodia to surround particles

• Forms food vacuoles that fuse with lysosomes

• Nonspecific uptake of extracellular fluid and dissolved molecules

• Uses small vesicles with protein coats

• Specific uptake of molecules by binding to receptors

• Molecules cluster in coated pits before uptake

• Allows uptake of large quantities of a specific substance

Organize these options into the right categories

Phagocytosis

Pinocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Categorize

Options (7)

requires energy from ATP

moves molecules against their concentration gradient

goes down the concentration gradient

uses pumps and exocytosis

• uses channels, diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion

maintains membrane potential

requires conformational changes in transport proteins

Organize these options into the right categories

Active transport

passive transport

Cell Structure & Function Vocabulary