Exam 4 Review Chapter 8

Exam 4 Review
Chapter 8

Multiple Choice

The science of heredity and variation in living organisms

• gene

• genetics

• molecular genetics

• mendelian genetics

Multiple Choice

The field of biology that studies the structure and function of genes at a molecular level

• gene

• genetics

• molecular genetics

• mendelian genetics

Multiple Choice

A set of basic principles relating to the transmission of hereditary characteristics from parent organisms to their children.

• gene

• genetics

• molecular genetics

• mendelian genetics

Multiple Choice

Who is the father of genetics?

• James Watson

• Francis Crick

• Gregor Mendel

• Charles Darwin

Multiple Choice

Mendel was praised during his time for his work with pea plants.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

When characteristics can be seen as a range of small differences among indviduals ("blend" of parents")?

• continuous variation

• discontinuous variation

• dominant-recessive traits

• intermediate variation

Multiple Choice

When characteristics can be seen as one of two distinguishable trait)?

• continuous variation

• discontinuous variation

• dominant-recessive traits

• intermediate variation

Multiple Choice

Mendel experimented with

• bacteria

• garden pea plants

• daphnia

• drosophila

Multiple Select

Select the advantages of using pea plants

• controlled matings

• true-breeding strains

• observable traits with 2 distinct forms

• only 3 characteristics can be seen

Multiple Select

Mendel is the father of genetics becuase of his work we know:

• genes are carried on chromosomes

• chromosomes are the basic unit of heredity

• chromosomes replicate, express, or mutate

• homologous chromosomes code for different genes

Multiple Choice

Mendel studied how many characteristics of pea plants?

• 2

• 5

• 7

• 11

Multiple Select

Which of the following are characteristic that were studied by Mendel?

• seed shape

• flower color

• pod size

• size of flower

Multiple Choice

Which generation consists of true-breeders that only produce one trait for a gene?

• parental generation

• first filial generation

• second filial generation

Multiple Choice

Which generation consists of hybrid progeny that show only the dominant trait?

• parental generation

• first filial generation

• second filial generation

Multiple Choice

Which generation consists of offspring from hybrid plants undergoing self-fertilization?

• parental generation

• first filial generation

• second filial generation

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a hypothesis Medel came up with?

• genes are found in alternative versions (alleles)

• an organism inherits two alleles for each characteristic

• in hybrids, the dominant allele determines the organism's appearance

• in hybrids, the domninant and recessive allele appear

• law of segregation

Multiple Choice

The physical expression of a trait

• phenotype

• genotype

• allele

• gene

Multiple Choice

The genetic makeup of an individual

• phenotype

• genotype

• allele

• gene

Multiple Choice

A unit of inheritance

• phenotype

• genotype

• allele

• gene

Multiple Choice

alternative form of a single gene

• phenotype

• genotype

• allele

• gene

Multiple Choice

When both alleles inherited are capital (S S)

• homozygous dominant

• heterozygous

• homozygous recessive

Multiple Choice

When both alleles inherited are lowercase (s s)

• homozygous dominant

• heterozygous

• homozygous recessive

Multiple Choice

When the alleles inherited are different (S s)

• homozygous dominant

• heterozygous

• homozygous recessive

Multiple Choice

Capital letters represent the ________________ trait.

• dominant

• recessive

Multiple Choice

Lowercase letters represent the ________________ trait.

• dominant

• recessive

Multiple Choice

The predictive tool used to determine genotypic and phenotypic ratios of offspring

• Mendel Rectangle

• Punnett Square

• Gregor Circle

• Watson Triangle

Multiple Choice

Which Punnett Square cross is used to study one characteristic?

• Dihybrid

• Hybrid

• Trihybrid

• Monohybrid

Multiple Choice

When true breeding pea plants are crossed the offspring are all _____________.

• homozygous dominant

• heterozygous

• homozygous recessive

Multiple Choice

In Mendel's studies of monohybrid crosses, when the F1 generation underwent self fertilization the offspring showed the following genotypic ratio?

• 1:1

• 1:2:1

• 3:1

• 2:2

Multiple Choice

In Mendel's studies of monohybrid crosses, when the F1 generation underwent self fertilization the offspring showed the following phenotypic ratio?

• 1:1

• 1:2:1

• 3:1

• 2:2

Multiple Choice

This can be used to determine whether an organism expressing the dominant trait is homozygous or heterozygous for the trait.

• dominant test

• test cross

• Punnett Square

• recessive test

Multiple Choice

When completing a test cross, one parent always has to be ____________________?

• homozygous dominant

• heterozygous

• homozygous recessive

Multiple Choice

Which Punnett Square cross is used to study two characteristic?

• Dihybrid

• Hybrid

• Trihybrid

• Monohybrid

Multiple Choice

In Mendel's studies of dihybrid crosses, when the F1 generation underwent self fertilization the offspring showed the following phenotypic ratio?

• 8:8

• 7:4:4:1

• 9:3:3:1

• 3:1

Multiple Choice

What method can be used to determine the gametes of the parents in a dihybrid cross?

• What gametes?

• BOIL

• FOIL

• SOIL

Multiple Choice

Genes assort randomly because they are on different chromosomes which algin randomly at the metaphase plate, this is known as the

• Principle of Dominance

• Principle of Independent Assortment

• Law of Segregation

• Law of Randomness

Multiple Choice

Each gamete only gets ONE copy of each allele due to the separation of chromosomes during anaphase I, this is known as the

• Principle of Dominance

• Principle of Independent Assortment

• Law of Segregation

• Law of Randomness

Multiple Choice

A individual will be called a __________ if they are heterozygous for a recessive disease.

• carrier

• homozygous dominant

• homozygous recessive

• lethal carrier

Multiple Choice

X-linked traits affect both males and females because they both will receive at least one X, but it affects females more because they get two.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Y-linked traits only affect males.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Males are considered ___________ because they only have one allele for any X-linked trait.

• homozygous dominant

• heterozygous

• hemizygous

• homozygous recessive

Multiple Choice

If genes are linked it violates the law of independent assortment.

• true

• false

Vocab Practice

Multiple Choice

In heterozygotes, one trait conceals the other trait it is which inheritance pattern?

• dominant-recessive

• incomplete dominance

• co-dominance

• multiple alleles

• sex-linked

Multiple Choice

Heterozygous individuals show a blending of traits; it is which inheritance pattern?

• dominant-recessive

• incomplete dominance

• co-dominance

• multiple alleles

• sex-linked

Multiple Choice

Heterozygous individuals show both traits; it is which inheritance pattern?

• dominant-recessive

• incomplete dominance

• co-dominance

• multiple alleles

• sex-linked

Multiple Choice

When more than two alleles exist for a trait it is which inheritance pattern?

• dominant-recessive

• incomplete dominance

• co-dominance

• multiple alleles

• sex-linked

Multiple Choice

Inheritance of traits that lie on sex chromosomes is which inheritance pattern?

• dominant-recessive

• incomplete dominance

• co-dominance

• multiple alleles

• sex-linked

Multiple Choice

Inheritance of traits that are governed by more than one gene is which inheritance pattern?

• epistasis

• incomplete dominance

• polygenic

• multiple alleles

Multiple Choice

When one gene interferes with the expression of another gene it is which inheritance pattern?

• epistasis

• incomplete dominance

• polygenic

• multiple alleles

Few Practice Problems

Multiple Select

In pea plants, flowers that bud on the top of the plant (terminal position) is dominant, and flowers that bud on the sides of the plant (axial position) is recessive. Cross a heterozygous terminal flowering plant with a homozygous terminal flowering plant. Which of the following genotypes is seen in the offspring?

• TT

• Tt

• tt

Multiple Choice

In pea plants, flowers that bud on the top of the plant (terminal position) is dominant, and flowers that bud on the sides of the plant (axial position) is recessive. Cross a heterozygous terminal flowering plant with a homozygous terminal flowering plant. Which of the following phenotypes is seen in the offspring?

• terminal flowering plants

• axial terminal plants

Multiple Select

A long neck yellow giraffe (TtYy), mates with a short neck orange giraffe (ttyy). What is the phenotype are seen in the offspring?

• long neck and yellow

• long neck and orange

• short neck and yellow

• short neck and orange

Multiple Choice

A woman who is a carrier for hemophilia marries a normal man. What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring?

• 1:1:1:1

• 2:2

• 3:1

• 1:1

Multiple Choice

A woman who is a carrier for hemophilia marries a normal man. What is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring?

• 2:1:1

• 2:2

• 3:1

• 1:1

Multiple Choice

In mice, coat color follows this expression Yellow (Y) and white (W) -colored mice are homozygous, while cream-colored mice are heterozygous (YW). This is known as

• dominant-recessive

• incomplete dominance

• co-dominance

• epistasis

Multiple Choice

In mice, coat color follows this expression Yellow (Y) and white (W) -colored mice are homozygous, while cream-colored mice are heterozygous (YW). If two cream-colored mice mate, what percentage of yellow mice are expected?

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 0%

Multiple Choice

In mice, coat color follows this expression Yellow (Y) and white (W) -colored mice are homozygous, while cream-colored mice are heterozygous (YW). If two cream-colored mice mate, what percentage of cream mice are expected?

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 0%

Multiple Choice

In mice, coat color follows this expression Yellow (Y) and white (W) -colored mice are homozygous, while cream-colored mice are heterozygous (YW). If two cream-colored mice mate, what percentage of white mice are expected?

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 0%

Multiple Choice

In some chickens the allele for black coat is B and the allele for white coat is W. The heterozygous phenotype is known as erminette (black and white spotted). This is which type of inheritance?

• dominant-recessive

• incomplete dominance

• co-dominance

• epistasis

Multiple Choice

A black chicken and a white chicken are crossed. All offspring will be

• black chickens

• white chickens

• erminette chickens

• albino chickens

Multiple Select

What are the two genotypes possible for a person who has A blood?

• I^AI^A

• I^Ai

• I^AI^B

• ii

Multiple Select

What genotype is possible for a person who has O blood?

• I^AI^A

• I^Ai

• I^Bi

• ii

Multiple Choice

A woman with heterozygous type A blood is married to a heterozygous type B person, what proportion of their children will have A blood type?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

Multiple Choice

A woman with heterozygous type A blood is married to a heterozygous type B person, what proportion of their children will have B blood type?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

Multiple Choice

A woman with heterozygous type A blood is married to a heterozygous type B person, what proportion of their children will have AB blood type?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

Multiple Choice

A woman with heterozygous type A blood is married to a heterozygous type B person, what proportion of their children will have O blood type?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

Multiple Choice

A man with type AB blood is married to a woman with type O blood. They have two natural children and one adopted child. Jane has type A blood, Bobby has type B blood, and Grace has type O blood. Which child was adopted?

• Jane

• Bobby

• Grace

• None of them

Multiple Select

Which of the following traits in humans show polygenic inheritance?

• freckles

• skin color

• height

• colorblindness

Multiple Choice

In cats, there is a gene which produces ticked fur (bands of different colors on each hair) called Agouti (H). The recessive allele (h) for this gene produces hair which is a solid color from end to end. In addition, there is a coat color gene which has a recessive albino allele (a) which, in the homozygote, prevents the production of any coat color pigment, resulting in a white cat with pink eyes, the traditional albino. This inheritance pattern is known as

• dominant-recessive

• incomplete dominance

• co-dominance

• epistasis