States of Matter

Know - the properties of solids, liquids and gases.
Understand - how the atomic and molecular
arrangement determines the state of matter.

Be able to compare and contrast solids, liquids and
gases based on molecular structure.

Which Has More Energy?

Heat or Cool?

1. The difference between hot water and cold water
is _____?
2. Why do you think hot/cold has more energy?

Thinking Stems
1. “Hot water ______ while cold water ______”
2. “______water has more energy than ____ water
because _____”

What Makes Gas … Gas?

• Has no fixed shape

• Has no fixed volume
• Made of particles that move rapidly

• The particles also have large spaces between them

in comparison to solids and liquids

Examples of Gases are

Steam

Oxygen

Carbon dioxide
Smog

Tear Gas

Helium

Draw

Draw an example of gas using particle arrangement.

• Has no fixed shape

•Has a fixed volume

• Particles move past one another easily
• Particles are fairly close, but not in a neat

even arrangement as the particles in a solid
are

Draw

Draw an example of liquid using particle arrangement.

Solids

• Has a fixed shape

• Has a fixed volume

• Particles are arranged in a tight, regular pattern
• Particles move very little

Draw

Draw an example of solid using particle arrangement.

Phase Changes

• Melting is the process of solids gaining energy

and heat turning into liquid.

• Freezing is the process of liquids releasing

energy turning into solids.

Phase Changes

Condensation is the process of a gas losing heat and
energy becoming liquid
Evaporation is the process of a liquid gaining heat
and energy becoming a gas.

Changes in Matter

Multiple Choice

When changing a substance from liquid to gas, the energy has to...

• INCREASE

• DECREASE

Multiple Choice

When changing a substance from liquid to solid, the energy has to...

• INCREASE

• DECREASE

Use the link to answer the following questions into your

notebook.

https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/states-of-matter/latest/st
ates-of-matter_all.html

1. When heat is added, what happens to the particles?
2. What are the two variables graphed?

3. How does these two affect solids, liquids and gases?
4. Draw a particle diagram for each state of matter.
5. How can you tell the difference between each state?

Multiple Choice

Particles of a liquid

• are tightly packed together and stay in a fixed position.
• have no viscosity.
• decrease in volume with increasing temperature.
• are free to move around one another but still touch.

Multiple Choice

What is the change from a Solid to a Gas due to the gaining of energy?

• Condensation
• Vaporization
• Sublimation
• Deposition

Multiple Choice

Look at the picture. Which state of matter is in beaker C?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Blue thingys

Multiple Choice

Look at the picture. Which state of matter is in beaker A?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Blue thingys