3 Post WW2

An imaginary line (“the Iron
Curtain”) separated Soviet controlled eastern Europe and democracies of West

●The USSR perceived itself at perpetual
war with capitalism

●Communism and social democracy are enemies, not allies

●The USSR would use controllable
Marxists in the capitalist world as allies

●Soviet aggression was fundamentally
not aligned with the views of the
Russians or with economic reality, but
in historic Russian xenophobia and
paranoia

●The Soviet government's structure
prohibited objective or accurate
pictures of internal and external reality

●ENIA, the Electronic Numerical
Integrator and Computer, the first
general-purpose electronic digital
compete.

●Howard Aiken found a Difference
Engine and proposed to IBM to build a
new and better version, not
mechanical but electrical.

●The Machine known as Mark I.

●The Computer was program by
mathematician Grace Murray Hopper.

●“It is the current aim to replace, as far as possible, the human brain.”

●Soviet specialist George F.
Kennan in his “Long
Telegram” warned Truman
that USSR would
aggressively seek to expand communism

“(My analysis) involves questions so intricate, so delicate, so strange to our
form of thought, and so important to analysis of our international
environment that I cannot compress answers into single brief message
without yielding to what I feel would be dangerous degree of
oversimplification. …I apologize in advance for this burdening of telegraphic
channel; but questions involved are of such urgent importance, particularly
in view of recent events, that our answers to them, if they deserve attention
at all, seem to me to deserve it at once.

●Truman adopted
“containment policy” (firm containment of Soviet expansion would limit communist threat to US)

●the Truman Doctrine
(containing communism
through financial and
military means) became US policy through Cold War

●(1947) Truman requested
$400 million to help Greece and Turkey resist
communism

. . At the present moment in world history nearly every nation
must choose between alternative ways of life. The choice is too often not a free one. One way of life is based upon the will of the majority, and is distinguished by free institutions, representative government, free elections, guarantees of individual liberty, freedom of speech and religion, and freedom from political oppression. The second way of life is based upon the will of a minority forcibly imposed upon the majority. It I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures. I believe that we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way. I believe that our help should be primarily through economic and financial and which is essential to economic stability and orderly political
processes....The free peoples of the world look to us fo support in maintaining their freedoms. If we falter in our leadership, we may endanger the peace of the world-- and shall surely endanger the welfare of our own nation. Great responsibilities have been place upon us by the swift movement of events.

Guess That Speaker!!!

“My name is Marshall and
this is my plan”

●(1948) the Marshall Plan devised by Truman and Secretary of State George Marshall

●Marshall Plan sent $12.5 billion over 4 years
to 16 cooperating nations to spur on economic growth

●

1. stable currency
2. increased agricultural and

industrialproduction

3. expanded exports

●

(1948) fearing a resurgent
Germany and angry about no reparations the USSR cut off Western land access to West Berlin

“What happens to Berlin,
happens to Germany; what

happens to Germany, happens

to Europe."

-Vyacheslav Molotov, Soviet diplomat

● The Berlin Blockade

provoked the first Cold
War test of wills between the US and USSR

“The United States is
going to stay (in West

Berlin). Period.”

-President Harry Truman

"There is no practicability in maintaining
our position in Berlin and it must not be

evaluated on that basis.... We are

convinced that our remaining in Berlin is
essential to our prestige in Germany and
in Europe. Whether for good or bad, it has become a symbol of the American intent.“

-General Clay, US

●Truman ordered a massive airlift of food, fuel, and supplies into West Berlin (one year later Stalin ended blockade)

"The airlift was the starting point
for Germany's inclusion in the West
and for the reconciliation with the
Western powers.”

-Berlin Mayor Eberhard Diepgen

Drag and Drop

What was the name of the imaginary line that separated Soviet controlled eastern Europe and the democracies of the West?

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The Berlin Wall

The Great Wall

The Bamboo Curtain

The Iron Curtain

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Who perceived the USSR at perpetual war with capitalism?

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Drag and Drop

What was the name of the first general-purpose electronic digital computer?

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Colossus

ENIAC

Mark I

UNIVAC

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Who warned Truman in the 'Long Telegram' that the USSR would aggressively seek to expand communism?

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What was the policy adopted by Truman for firm containment of Soviet expansion?

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Appeasement policy

Isolationism policy

Containment policy

Expansionism policy

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What was the name of the plan devised by Truman and Secretary of State George Marshall to send financial aid to cooperating nations for economic growth?

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Multiple Select

What did the Marshall Plan aim to achieve in the cooperating nations?

• Increased military spending

• Stable currency

• Expanded exports

• Increased agricultural production

Dropdown

What did the USSR do in 1948 to cut off Western land access to West Berlin?

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Who ordered a massive airlift of food, fuel, and supplies into West Berlin during the Berlin Blockade?

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Winston Churchill

Joseph Stalin

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Harry Truman

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What was the starting point for Germany's inclusion in the West and for the reconciliation with the Western powers according to Berlin Mayor Eberhard Diepgen?

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