6.11 abc solar system

Celestial Objects

6.11A

Sun

Multiple Choice

how many stars are in our solar system?

• 100-500 billion

• at least 20

• 200 million

• 300-700 trillion

Stars

Scientists classify stars based on a number
of properties, including their size,
luminosity, brightness, temperature, and
color. Temperature and color are related
to each other – as temperature increases,
a star’s color will change from red to
orange to yellow to white to blue.

When compared to other known stars, the
Sun is of average size, falling in the middle
of the range for size, temperature, and
luminosity.

Planets

• There are eight planets in our solar

system, all of which revolve around
the Sun in their orbits. Each planet
also rotates (spins) along its axis (like a
top spinning.

• Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are

terrestrial planets, meaning they are
mostly solid. They are known as the
inner planets because they are the
closest to the Sun. The outer planets
are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and
Neptune. They are made up mostly of
gases and have liquid cores.

Open Ended

What two ways do planets move?

Earth

Multiple Select

What makes Earth a suitable place to live?

• earth's distance from the sun

• earth's atmosphere

• such good vibes

• earth's surface

Earth

• Earth’s atmosphere and magnetic field act as shields that
protect life on Earth. The ozone
layer in the atmosphere protects
life from the Sun’s harmful
radiation, such as ultraviolet
radiation and gamma rays.
Earth’s magnetic field protects
life on Earth by deflecting the
charged particles that constantly
flow from the Sun.

Dropdown

Earth’s ​

Select answer

and ​

Select answer

field act as ​

Select answer

that
protect life on Earth.

Moons

• Moons are smaller celestial objects that

orbit planets. Scientists collect data
about their physical properties and
motions by using telescopes and
satellites.

• The largest moon is Ganymede, which

orbits Jupiter. Earth’s moon is the fifth-
largest in our solar system. Many of the
moons in our solar system are larger
than Pluto, which is no longer classified
as a planet and is now considered a
dwarf planet.

Open Ended

Based on what you just read, why do you think scientists made the decision to reclassify Pluto as a dwarf planet?

Meteoroids and
Asteroids

Open Ended

Based on what you just read, why do you think asteroids stay orbiting in the asteroid belt and metorites float freely through space? (Hint: think about the main difference between the two.)

Comets

• Comets are small bodies of ice

and dust that formed near
Neptune when the solar system
was first forming. Neptune has a
very high mass that influences
the orbits of these comets,
making them elliptical. When
comets are closest to the Sun in
their orbit, their ice vaporizes,
creating the tail we see as they
pass over us in the night sky

Draw

Draw an elliptical orbit around the sun for a comet.

Match

Match the following

• comet

• asteroid

• meteor

• meteoroid

• meteorite

icy body that releases gas as it orbits

rocky body that orbits the sun

lights up when it enters the atmosphere

rocky fragment of an asteroid

meteor fragment that reaches the ground

• icy body that releases gas as it orbits

• rocky body that orbits the sun

• lights up when it enters the atmosphere

• rocky fragment of an asteroid

• meteor fragment that reaches the ground

Space Exploration

• Space exploration is the discovery and exploration of celestial structures in outer space.
• It includes the Apollo mission, which landed the first humans on the moon in 1969.
• Space exploration has led to advancements in technology, scientific knowledge, and understanding of the universe.

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of space exploration?

• To discover and explore celestial structures in outer space

• To study the Apollo mission

• To advance technology and scientific knowledge

• To understand the universe

Space Exploration:

To discover and explore celestial structures in outer space. Space exploration allows us to uncover the mysteries of the universe, from distant galaxies to exoplanets. It helps us understand our place in the cosmos and pushes the boundaries of human knowledge.

The Space Race

• The Space Race: A competition between the United States and the Soviet Union to explore space.
• Significance: Led to rapid advancements in space technology and exploration.
• Key Events: Launch of Sputnik, Yuri Gagarin's first manned spaceflight, and Apollo missions.

Multiple Choice

What was the significance of the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union?

• It led to rapid advancements in space technology and exploration.

• It resulted in the launch of Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin's first manned spaceflight.

• It was a competition to explore space between the United States and the Soviet Union.

• It focused on the Apollo missions and their achievements.

The Space Race:

The competition between the United States and the Soviet Union resulted in groundbreaking achievements like the launch of Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin's first manned spaceflight.

It It led to rapid advancements in
space technology and exploration,
and paved the way for future
space missions and expanded our
understanding of the universe.

​Apollo 11

On the Moon!

• Lunar Module: The spacecraft that carried astronauts from the Command Module to the lunar surface.
  

• Moonwalk: The act of walking on the Moon's surface by astronauts during the Apollo missions.

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of the Lunar Module?

• To carry astronauts from the Command Module to the lunar surface

• To explore the Moon's surface

• To transport supplies to the astronauts on the Moon

• To communicate with Earth during the Apollo missions

Lunar Module:

Designed to carry astronauts from the Command Module to the lunar surface.

This iconic spacecraft played a crucial role in the Apollo missions, providing a safe and reliable means of transportation for astronauts to explore the Moon.

It was designed to withstand the harsh lunar environment and successfully completed multiple landings and takeoffs.

Space Probes:

• Exploring Beyond the Moon

• Space probes are unmanned spacecraft sent to explore celestial bodies beyond Earth's orbit.

• They gather data about planets, moons, asteroids, and comets, providing valuable insights into our solar system.

• Examples include Voyager, Cassini, and New Horizons.

• Space probes have revolutionized our understanding of the universe and paved the way for future manned missions.

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of space probes?

• To explore celestial bodies beyond Earth's orbit

• To gather data about planets, moons, asteroids, and comets

• To provide valuable insights into our solar system

• To revolutionize our understanding of the universe

Space Probe Trivia

Did you know? Space probes are designed to explore celestial bodies beyond Earth's orbit. They gather data about planets, moons, asteroids, and comets, providing valuable insights into our solar system. Space probes revolutionize our understanding of the universe. They are the pioneers of space exploration!

Journey to the Stars

• Exploring Space and the Apollo Mission: Discover the incredible journey of humans to the moon and the Apollo mission that made it possible.

• Hubble Space Telescope: Learn about the revolutionary telescope that has transformed our understanding of the universe.

• Peering into the Universe: Explore how the Hubble Space Telescope has captured breathtaking images and provided valuable insights into the cosmos.

Multiple Choice

What is the focus of the Hubble Space Telescope?

• Exploring Space and the Apollo Mission

• The incredible journey of humans to the moon

• Capturing breathtaking images of the cosmos

• The revolutionary telescope that transformed our understanding of the universe

The Hubble Space Telescope

The Hubble Space Telescope is a revolutionary telescope that transformed our understanding of the universe.

It captures breathtaking images of the cosmos, allowing us to explore space and gain insights into the mysteries of the universe.

The Hubble played a crucial role in the discovery of dark energy and has provided valuable data for studying distant galaxies and celestial objects.

Gravity!!

Let's review what we know and learn some new vocabulary!

Vocabulary

Vocabulary

Here are some vocab terms you have or will see on the Gizmo activity- Gravity Pitch

Gravity

The force of attraction between all objects in the universe

Gravity

Gravity is only significant when one of the objects is very large, like the Earth. There is very, very little gravitational attraction between you and your couch – but there is some! 

BrainPOP Video

https://www.brainpop.com/science/natureoftheuniverse/gravity/

Poll

What makes an object have stronger gravitational pull?

• it's size: if the object is large

• it's distance from another object

• it's mass: if it's heavier

Gravity increases as mass & size increases

Poll

As the mass of the objects DECREASES, gravity will...

• increase

• decrease

• stay the same

Multiple Choice

If the distance between object DECREASES and gets closer together, the force of gravity...

• increase

• decrease

• stay the same

Orbit

The path of a celestial body (such as a moon or a planet) around another body.

Orbital velocity

The speed an object must travel to achieve a perfectly circular orbit

Escape velocity

The speed an object must travel to escape the gravitational pull of a planet.

If an object is launched at escape velocity, it will leave the planet and not return.

Crash Course Kids Video

https://youtu.be/gWy2-o9uwrc

Trajectory

The path of an object through space. 

Velocity

An object’s speed and direction of motion