Week 4 - Introduction and Conclusion

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​ A/an ​

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sets the tone and prepares the audience to hear the speech, previewing what’s to come in a way that engages audiences in the topic and establishes a tone of goodwill. An effective ​

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ensures that the audience remembers the key points of the speech and reacts in a way that the speaker intends.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

introduction

conclusion

Categorize

Options (10)

Signal to the audience that the speech is coming to an end and provide closure.

Summarize the key points.

Reiterate the thesis or central idea of the speech.

Challenge the audience to respond.

End the speech memorably.

Arouse your audience’s attention and willingness to listen.

Introduce the topic and purpose.

Establish your credibility to speak on the topic.

Preview the main points.

Motivate the audience to accept your speech goals.

Organize the functions into introduction or conclusion

Introduction

Conclusion

​Gain Audience Attention

​Time-Honored Techniques

​Gain Audience Attention

Share a quotation or story​

​Time-Honored Techniques

​Gain Audience Attention

Share a quotation or story​

​Time-Honored Techniques

Pose questions

​How many of you have gone 24 hours without using any mobile devices? (Speaker waits for a show of hands.) How many of you think you’d enjoy doing so? (Speaker waits for show of hands.) Do you think you’d be comfortable not using a cell phone, iPad, Droid, laptop, or whatever other devices you own, for a week? (Speaker waits for a show of hands.) A month? (Speaker waits for a show of hands.) As you can see by looking around this room, not many of us can visualize being particularly comfortable without our electronic devices. Today I’m going to describe trends in technology usage and our dependence on these modern devices. . . . (p.221)

​Gain Audience Attention

Share a quotation or story​

​Time-Honored Techniques

Pose questions

Offer unusual information

​Gain Audience Attention

Share a quotation or story​

​Time-Honored Techniques

Pose questions

Offer unusual information

Use Humor

​Gain Audience Attention

Share a quotation or story​

​Time-Honored Techniques

Pose questions

Offer unusual information

Use Humor

Refer to the audience and occasion

Categorize

Options (12)

On this date

here

in this place

now

at this time

50 years ago

Dear august listeners

comrades

friends

fellows

dear listeners

You!

Organize these expressions into the right categories

Referring to the occasion

Referring to the audience

Match

Match the quotations from speeches to their purposes

• This afternoon, I want to examine the truth of that statement—“Nothing moves people like the mail, and no one moves the mail like the U.S. Postal Service.” I want to look at where we are today as a communications industry, and where we intend to be in the days and years ahead.

• “I have felt passionate about conservation issues ever since I started volunteering with the city’s local chapter of the Nature Conservancy four summers ago.”

• For example, you might state, “First, I’ll start with a look at . . . ” followed by “Next, I’ll consider the causes of . . ..” 

Previewing the Purpose and Topic

Establishing Credibility as the Speaker

Previewing the main points

• Previewing the Purpose and Topic

• Establishing Credibility as the Speaker

• Previewing the main points

​Preview the purpose and topic: Declare what your speech is about and what you hope to accomplish. 

Establish your credibility as the speaker: During the introduction, audience members make a decision about whether they are interested not just in your topic but also in you. They want to know why they should believe in you. Most important of all, they want to feel that they can trust what you have to say.

Preview the main points: An introductory preview statement is straightforward. You simply tell the audience what the main points will be and in what order you will address them. 

​Gain Audience Attention

Share a quotation or story​

​Time-Honored Techniques

Pose questions

Offer unusual information

Use Humor

Refer to the audience and occasion

Preview the purpose and topic

Establish credibility

Preview the main points

​CONCLUSION...

Multiple Choice

TIPS TO PREPARE CONCLUSION

Keep the conclusion brief—as a rule, no more than ______ percent of the overall speech (p.227).

• 20 to 25

• 10 to 15

• 5 to 10

Multiple Choice

TIPS TO PREPARE CONCLUSION

More than other parts of the speech, the conclusion can contain words that _____ (p.228).

• inform and interest

• inspire and motivate

• educate and summarize

Word Cloud

What do we use to signal the close of a speech? (Give examples for transition words).

Word Cloud

What do we use to summarize the key points of a speech?

(Give examples for transition words).

Drag and Drop

Challange the Audience to Respond: In an ​

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speech, the speaker challenges audience members to use what they’ve learned in a way that benefits them. In a ​

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speech, the challenge usually comes in the form of a call to action.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

informative

persuasive

Word Cloud

Challenge the Audience to Respond

What ways can we use to challenge the listeners?