Verbos Irregulares en el Pretérito

Verbos Irregulares
en el Pretérito

Español 2

Recap: What is the Preterite Tense?

• One of the first past tenses that is learned in Spanish.

• The preterite is used to describe an action or event that took place in the past and is now completed.

Recap: What is the Preterite Tense? Pt.2

• Most times when you are talking about something that happened, or something you did, you are going to use the preterite tense.

  • Ex:

    • I ate my dinner (I did something)

    • We left the party. (We did something)

    • It rained yesterday. (Something that occurred)

Multiple Choice

What type of preterite use is the following sentence?

I played Mario Kart.

• We did something

• Something occurred

• I did something

Conjugations: AR Verbs

​	​Infinite Verb	​-AR Ending	​+ Preterite Ending	​Preterite Verb
​Yo	​caminar	camin​	​+é	camin-
​Tú	​caminar	camin​	+aste​	camin-
Él/Ella/Ud​	​caminar	camin​	+ó​	camin-
Nostros​	​caminar	camin​	+amos​	camin-
Vosotros​	​caminar	camin​	+asteis​	camin-
Ellos/Ellas/Uds	caminar	camin	+aron	camin-

Multiple Choice

What is the conjugation for 'bailar' in the nosotros form?

• bailaron

• bailé

• bailamos

• bailaste

Conjugations: ER Verbs

​	​Infinite Verb	- ER Ending​	+ Preterite Ending​	Preterite Verb​
​Yo	​beber	beb​	+í​	beb-
Tú​	beber​	beb​	+iste​	beb-
Él/Ella/Ud​	beber​	beb​	+ió​	beb-
Nosotros​	beber​	beb​	+imos​	beb-
Vosotros​	beber​	beb​	+isteis​	beb-
Ellos/Ellas/Uds​	beber​	beb​	+ieron​	beb-

Multiple Choice

What is the conjugation for 'comer' in the ellos/ellas/uds form?

• comí

• comiste

• comieron

• comió

Conjugations: IR Verbs

​	​Infinite Verb	​-IR Ending	​+ Preterite Ending	​Preterite Verb
Yo​	​salir	sal​	​+í	​sal-
Tú​	salir​	sal​	+iste​	sal-
Él/Ella/Ud​	salir​	sal​	+ió​	sal-
Nosotros​	salir​	sal​	​-imos	sal-
Vosotros​	salir​	sal​	​-isteis	sal-
​Ellos/Ellas/Uds	salir​	sal​	-ieron​	sal-

Multiple Choice

What is the conjugation for 'vivir' in the tú form?

• viví

• viviste

• vivió

• vivieron

Verbs that require signficant changes

• Ser (to be), Ir, Dar (to go), Hacer (to do), Ver (to see)

  • These verbs are completely irregular and do not follow any pattern whatsoever.

Ser (to be)

​Subject	Verb: Ser	English translation​
​Yo	​fui	I was​
Tú​	​fuiste	You were​
Él/Ella/Usted​	fue​	He/She was​
Nosotros/Nosotras​	fuimos​	We were​
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes​	fueron​	They were​

Ir (to go)

​Subject	Verb: Ir	English ​
​Yo	​fui	​I went
Tú​	fuiste​	You went​
Él/Ella/Usted​	fue​	He/She went​
Nosotros/Nosotras​	fuimos​	We went​
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes​	fueron​	They went​

Ser and Ir

• Both have identical conjugations in the preterite tense.

• Tip for telling verbs apart:

  • 'Ir' is used when something moves somewhere else, and so it will most likely include prepositions such as the "a".

  • Preposition is not needed when a location is already mentioned - usually a physical place.

• Ex: I went to see my neighbor. (Fui a ver mi vecino)

  • I was his neighbor for many years. (Fui su vecino por muchos años)

Dar (to give)

​Subject	Verb: Dar	English ​translation
​Yo	​dí	I gave​
Tú​	diste​	You gave​
Él/Ella/Usted​	dió​	He/She gave​
Nosotros/Nosotras​	dimos​	​We gave
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes​	dieron​	They gave​

Hacer (to do/to make)

​Subject	​Verb: Hacer	English translation​
​Yo	​hice	I did​
Tú​	hiciste​	You did​
Él/Ella/Usted​	hizo​	He/She did​
Nosotros/Nosotras​	hicimos​	We did​
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes​	hicieron​	They did​

Ver (to see)

​Subject	Verb: Ver​	English translation​
​Yo	​vi	I saw​
Tú​	viste​	You saw​
Él/Ella/Usted​	vio​	He/She saw​
Nosotros/Nosotras​	vimos​	We saw​
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes​	vieron​	They saw​

Verbs that have Stem Changes (Regular Endings)

​Verbs	Preterite Stem​	English translation​
​Andar	Anduv-​	To walk​
Caber​	Cup-​	To fit​
Estar​	Estuv-​	To be​
Haber​	Hub-​	To have​
Poder	Pud-	To be able to

Verbs that have Stem Changes (Regular Endings)

​Verbs	Preterite Stem​	English translation​
Poner	Pus-	To put
Querer	Quis-	To want
Saber​	Sup-	To know
Tener​	Tuv-	To have
Venir	Vin-	To come

IR Stem Changers

• (e) to (i)

• (o) to (u)

​personal pronoun	​yo	tú​	él/ella/ud​	​nosotros	​ellos/ellas/uds
​verb: repetir (to repeat)	​repetí	repetiste​	repitió	​repetimos	repitieron​

​personal pronoun	​yo	tú​	él/ella/ud​	​nosotros	ellos/ellas/uds​
​verb: dormir (to sleep)	​dormí	dormiste​	durmió​	dormimos​	durmieron​

Additional IR Stem Changers

• Divertirse (to have fun)

• Morir (to die)

• Mentir (to lie)

• Pedir (to ask for)

• ​Preferir (to prefer)

• Sentir (to feel)

• Sugerir (to suggest)

• Vestir(se) (to wear/to get dressed)

Verbs Ending in -UCIR

• Verbs such as: conducir (to drive), producir (to produce), traducir (to translate), plus verbs traer (to bring), and decir (to say) follow the same endings.

​Subject	yo​	tú​	él/ella/ud​	​nosotros/as	​ellos/ellas/uds
​Endings	- je​	- jiste​	- jo​	- jimos​	- jeron​

Verbs Ending in -UCIR

​Subject	yo​	tú​	él/ella/ud​	​nosotros/as	​ellos/ellas/uds
​Endings	- je​	- jiste​	- jo​	- jimos​	- jeron​

Subject	yo​	tú​	él/ella/ud​	nosotros/as​	ellos/ellas/uds​
​Verb: Traer	​tra	tra	tra	tra	tra
English	I brought	You brought	He/She brought	We brought	They brought

​Traer (to bring)

Verbs Ending in -UCIR

​Subject	yo​	tú​	él/ella/ud​	​nosotros/as	​ellos/ellas/uds
​Endings	- je​	- jiste​	- jo​	- jimos​	- jeron​

Subject	yo​	tú​	él/ella/ud​	nosotros/as​	ellos/ellas/uds​
​Verb: Traer	​tradu	tradu	tradu	tradu	tradu
English	I translated	You translated	He/She translated	We translated	They translated

​Ex: Traducir (to translate) (What are the endings?)

Verbs that are irregular in the 'yo' form

• Often referred to "Orthographically Irregular Verbs"

  • Spelling change to a group of verbs that end in -car, -gar, and -zar

  • -car (c to qu)

  • -gar (g to gu)

  • -zar (z to c)

Verbs that are irregular in the 'yo' form

• - car (c to que)

​Subject	Verb: Tocar ​	English translation​
​Yo	​toqué	I touched​
Tú​	tocaste​	You touched​
Él/Ella/Ud​	tocó​	He/She touched​
Nosotros/as​	tocamos​	We touched​
Ellos/Ellas/Uds​	​tocaron	They touched​

Verbs that are irregular in the 'yo' form

• - car (c to que)

​Subject	Verb: Secar ​	English translation​
​Yo	​	I dried​
Tú​	​	You dried​
Él/Ella/Ud​	​	He/She dried​
Nosotros/as​	​	We dried​
Ellos/Ellas/Uds​	​	They dried​

Verbs that are irregular in the 'yo' form

• -gar (g to gu)

​Subject	​Verb: Pagar	​English translation
Yo​	​pagué	​I paid
Tú​	pagaste​	You paid​
Él/Ella/Ud​	pagó​	He/She paid​
Nosotros/as​	pagamos​	We paid​
Ellos/Ellas/Uds​	​pagaron	They paid​

Verbs that are irregular in the 'yo' form

• -gar (g to gu)

​Subject	​Verb: Llegar	​English translation
Yo​	​	​I arrived
Tú​	​	You arrived​
Él/Ella/Ud​	​	He/She arrived
Nosotros/as​	​	We arrived​
Ellos/Ellas/Uds​	​	They arrived

Verbs that are irregular in the 'yo' form

• -zar (z to c)

​Subject	​Verb: Empezar	​English translation
Yo​	​empecé	​I started
Tú​	empezaste​	You started​
Él/Ella/Ud​	empezó​	He/She started
Nosotros/as​	empezamos​	We started​
Ellos/Ellas/Uds​	empearon​	They started

Verbs that are irregular in the 'yo' form

• -zar (z to c)

​Subject	​Verb: Cazar	​English translation
Yo​	​	​I hunted
Tú​	​	You hunted​
Él/Ella/Ud​	​	He/She hunted
Nosotros/as​	​	We hunted​
Ellos/Ellas/Uds​	​	They hunted