Respiratory Control

(Respiratory Control)

Match

Match the following

• Nasal Sinuses

• nasopharynx

• nose

• oropharynx

• laryngopharynx

empty into nasal cavity or pharynx

junction between nasal cavity and throat

cilia and mucus line nasal cavity

junction between mouth and throat

btwn pharynx, larynx & esophagus

• empty into nasal cavity or pharynx

• junction between nasal cavity and throat

• cilia and mucus line nasal cavity

• junction between mouth and throat

• btwn pharynx, larynx & esophagus

Labelling

Label the parts of the Larynx

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

esophagus

cricoid cartilage

thyroid cartilage

trachea

vocal cords

epiglottis

Match

Match the following

• alveoli

• bronchi

• trachea

• diaphragm

• pleura

air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs

tubes that carry air into the lungs

windpipe that connects the larynx to the bronchi

muscle that helps with breathing

membrane at cover the lungs

• air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs

• tubes that carry air into the lungs

• windpipe that connects the larynx to the bronchi

• muscle that helps with breathing

• membrane at cover the lungs

Dropdown

Total Lung capacity is ​

Select answer

liters for adult men, ​

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less for adult females (on average). Vital Capacity is about ​

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of the total lung capacity.

Open Ended

How do internal and external respiration differ?

Multiple Choice

What process precedes external respiration?

• Cellular respiration
• External respiration
• Inhalation
• breathing/ventilation

•The rate of respiration is primarily
controlled within the medulla and
pons of the brainstem.

•The medulla contains 2
respiratory control centers:
•The ventral respiratory group (VRG)
which controls neurons for quiet,
regular breathing.

•The dorsal respiratory group (DRG)
which collects sensory information
from various body receptors and passes
information to the VRG.

•The ponsrespiratorycenters
modify the timing and smooth
control of breathing by
communicating with the VRG.

•The respiratory rate can change based on
several factors:

1. Physical Factors- talking, coughing,
   exercising, or body temperature. Lungs have stretch receptors to prevent overinflation.

2. Conscious Control- voluntary breathing

•Voluntary breathing has limits. The brainstem will ignore conscious control if oxygen or carbon
dioxide is too extreme.

3. Emotional Factors- Gasping when scared,
   rapid breathing from stress, etc.3

4.Chemical factors- the level of oxygen and
carbon dioxide in the blood

•These are the most important.

•Although cells require oxygen for survival, the amount
of CO2 is actually the most important stimulus for
breathing.

Impulses sent to

respiratory centers in

medulla

pH change in blood

Increase or decrease
in CO2 concentration

Increased CO2 results in high levels of carbonic acid, decreasing the pH of the blood

Recognized by

chemoreceptors in aorta &

common carotid artery

Increase or decrease
in O2 concentration

•Respiratory rate and depth is controlled by the medulla and the pons. They regulate
respiration by physical and
emotional factors, conscious control and the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

© Suburban Science 2019

Multiple Choice

What structures regulate breathing?

• Brainstem (medulla oblongata and pons)
• Spinal cord
• Cerebellum
• Thalamus

Open Ended

How can respiratory rate and depth be altered? (select ONE way)

Multiple Choice

What other body system does the respiratory system work close with?

• skeletal system
• circulatory system
• digestive system
• nervous system

Multiple Choice

What is the MOST important stimulus for breathing?

• Level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood
• Temperature of the body
• Heart rate
• Level of oxygen (O2) in the blood