Bio 1012 Chapter 20

Exam 5 Review
Chapter 20

Match

Match the following

• a group of individuals of the same species

• all biotic components in a geographic area at the same time

• all biotic and abiotic components in a geographic area at the same time

population

community

ecosystem

• population

• community

• ecosystem

Match

Match the following

• branch of biology studying how populations interact in their environment

• branch of biology studying how populations interact with one another and why they interact

• branch of biology studying the energy flow and nutrients through biotic and abiotic components

population ecology

community ecology

ecosystem ecology

• population ecology

• community ecology

• ecosystem ecology

Multiple Choice

Living

• biotic

• abiotic

Multiple Choice

Non-living

• biotic

• abiotic

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT an abiotic factor?

• water

• soil

• air

• climate

• bacteria

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a description of ecosystem ecologists?

• study how nutrients and energy are stored and moved among organisms and their environment

• study how organisms are adapted to their environment

• examines dispersion patterns of a group of individuals of the same species

• examines how fires can return nutrients back to the soil and the life that takes over after

Multiple Choice

A linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another

• food chain

• food pyramid

• food web

• food trophic chain

Multiple Choice

There are multiple paths through a food chain.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

Every organism in a food chain, occupies a single trophic level.

• true

• false

Match

Match the following trophic levels with their descriptions

• photosynthetic organisms or organisms that can make their own food

• herbivores

• carnivores that eat primary consumers

• carnivores that eat other carnivores

• top of the food chain

producers

primary consumers

secondary consumers

tertiary consumers

apex consumers

• producers

• primary consumers

• secondary consumers

• tertiary consumers

• apex consumers

Multiple Choice

What is lost at each trophic level?

• energy

• food

• water

• soil

Multiple Choice

Food chains are overly simplified models of ecosystem interactions.

• true

• false

Hotspot

Which of the following is a producer?

Hotspot

Which of the following is a apex consumer?

Hotspot

Which of the following is a primary consumer?

Hotspot

Which of the following is a secondary consumer?

Hotspot

Which of the following is a tertiary consumer?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an interconnected model of trophic relationships within an ecosystem?

• food chain

• food pyramid

• food web

• food square

Multiple Select

Food webs

• account for mutiple feeding interactions between species, the species it feeds on, and the species that feed on it

• most accurate representation of most ecosystems

• organisms are at a single trophic level

• simplistic models of ecosystem interactions

Multiple Choice

Trophic efficiency refers to

• the percentage of energy that is transferred from one trophic level to the next

• the level that an organism occupies in a food web

• the density of orgnisms occupying each trophic level

• the percentage of water that is tranferred from one trophic level to the next

Multiple Choice

How much energy is transfered to the next trophic level?

• 10%

• 90%

• 100%

• it varies

Multiple Choice

Trophic efficiency is low.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

There are always a greater number of apex consumers than other trophic levels.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

The energy that is not transferred to the next trophic level is lost how?

• heat

• sunlight

• sweating

• peeing

Multiple Choice

Biomass _________ at each trophic level.

• increases

• decreases

Multiple Choice

Energy flows __________ through ecosystems.

• unidirectionally

• bidirectionally

• freely

• it cannot be contained

Multiple Choice

Energy enters as _____(a)_______ and leaves as _____(b)______ during transfers between trophic levels.

• a) sunlight; b) heat

• a) heat; b) sunlight

• a) heat; b) exercise

• a) sunlight; b) photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

Matter also flows through an ecosystem.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT true regarding biogeochemical cycles?

• studies how carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur are recycled in an ecosystem

• studies how the most common elements may exist in the atmosphere, on land, in water, or beneath Earth's surface

• looks at the recycling of elements with geological processes as well as chemical processes

• studies how the major elements are recycled through biotic components of an ecosystem only

Multiple Choice

What percentage of water on Earth is freshwater?

• less than 1%

• 2.5%

• 85%

• 15%

Multiple Choice

What percentage of freshwater on Earth is accessible to living things?

• less than 1%

• 2.5%

• 85%

• 15%

Multiple Choice

Freshwater supply is an issue for the growing human population.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

The water cycle is drive by energy from ________ as it warms the oceans and other surface waters.

• the sun

• hydrothermal vents

• volcanoes

• the moon

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a process in the water cycle?

• evaporation and sublimation

• condensation and precipitation

• subsurface water flow

• surface runoff, snowmelt, streamflow

• erosin and sedimentation

Match

Match the following

• water to water vapor

• ice to water vapor

• rain/snow

• collection of water (water vapor to liquid water)

evaporation

sublimation

precipitation

condensation

• evaporation

• sublimation

• precipitation

• condensation

Multiple Choice

Which of the following parts of the carbon cycle is the rapid exchange of carbon among living organisms?

• biological carbon cycle

• biogeochemical carbon cycle

• biochemical carbon cycle

• biological fossil fuels

Multiple Choice

Which of the following parts of the carbon cycle is the long-term cycling of carbon through land, water, and air?

• biological carbon cycle

• biogeochemical carbon cycle

• biochemical carbon cycle

• biological fossil fuels

Multiple Choice

Which of the following parts of the carbon cycle takes into account photosynthsis and cellular respiration?

• biological carbon cycle

• biogeochemical carbon cycle

• biochemical carbon cycle

• biological fossil fuels

Multiple Choice

Which of the following parts of the carbon cycle takes into account atmospheric carbon dioxide, oceanic dissolved carbon, carbon stored in soil, fossil fuels, etc.?

• biological carbon cycle

• biogeochemical carbon cycle

• biochemical carbon cycle

• biological fossil fuels

Multiple Choice

Carbon that is stored deep in the Earth's crust in the form of anaerobically decomposed remains of plants is known as

• fossil fuels

• fossils

• oil

• sediments

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT true concerning fossil fuels?

• we dig up and use for energy

• burning of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide

• fossil fuels is a non-renewable resource

• only found beneath ocean's crust

Multiple Choice

Which of the following does NOT help to explain how coal got here?

• landscape of Carboniferous period was dominated by swamp forests

• products of photosynthesis are used to build plant tissues

• when plants died, their remains formed a dense layer of carbon-rich peat, which was subjected to millions of years of heat and pressure

• plants used the products of photosynthesis for cellular respiration

Multiple Choice

The burning of fossil fuels releases stored ___________.

• carbon

• hydrogen

• oxygen

• nitrogen

Multiple Choice

When carbon is released it reacts with atmospheric oxygen to become ___________,

• carbon dioxide

• water

• nitrogen sulfide

• carbon monoxide

Multiple Choice

A gas that traps heat and moisture in the atmosphere is known as

• greenhouse gas

• heat containing gas

• heat absorbing gas

• heat trapping gas

Multiple Select

Which of the following are examples of a greenhouse gas?

• carbon dioxide

• methane

• water vapor

• nitrous oxide

• oxygen

Multiple Choice

Trapped heat causes a(n) ____________ in global temperature, which affects weather patterns.

• increase

• decrease