Key Concepts, Principles and Elements of DRR

Key Concepts, Principles and Elements of DRR

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1.Explain the key concepts and principles of DRR;

2.Distinguish the elements of DRRR; and

3.Cite the significance of understanding the concepts, principles and elements of DRR.

Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is a term used for reducing and preventing disaster risks. It is founded on the principle that while hazards are inevitable, its adverse effects like lost lives and/or destruction of property are not. There are steps that we can do to ensure reduction of risks. DRR actions can be political, technical, social and economic.

A. Disaster – the disruption of a community’s function which exceeds its ability to cope and recover on its own. It may involve widespread losses and impacts whether human, material, economic, or environmental.

Disasters are often described as a result of the combination of several things: the exposure to a hazard; the conditions of vulnerability that are present; and insufficient capacity or measures to reduce or cope with the potential negative consequences.

HAZARD Defined as a “dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage”.

HAZARD

Hazards can be single, sequential or combined in their origin and effects. Each hazard is characterized by its location, intensity, probability and likely frequency. The hazards of concern to disaster risk reduction are hazards that arise from a variety of geological, meteorological, hydrological, oceanic, biological, and technological sources, sometimes acting in combination.

VULNERABILITY
Defined as the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard. Vulnerability is a set of prevailing or consequential conditions arising from various physical, social, economic and environmental factors which increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazards

VULNERABILITY
Vulnerability also comprise various physical, social, economic, political and environmental factors that affect the ability of communities to respond to events.

RISK  
The word “risk” has two connotations: in general usage the emphasis is usually placed on the concept of chance or possibility on an event and its negative consequence, such as in “the risk of an accident”; whereas in technical settings the emphasis is usually placed on the consequences, in terms of “potential losses” for some particular cause, place and period.

RISK  
The term disaster risk therefore refers to the potential (not actual) disaster losses, in lives, health status, livelihoods, assets and services, which could occur in a particular community or society over some specified future time period.

CAPACITY
Defined as the combination of all the strengths, attributes and resources available within a community, society or organization that can be used to achieve agreed goals.

CAPACITY
Capacity may include infrastructure and physical means, institutions, societal coping abilities, as well as human knowledge, skills and collective attributes such as social relationships, leadership and management.

B. Exposure – the degree to which the elements at risk are likely to experience hazard events of different magnitudes.

C. Disaster Risk – the potential loss in human lives, health status, livelihood, assets, and services due to the effects of a disaster.

D. Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) – the concept and practice of analysis and management of the causes of disasters, through reducing exposure to hazards, lessening vulnerability, wise management of the environment, and improved preparedness for adverse events, to reduce disaster risks

Disaster risk reduction usually requires long-term planning across sectors and must be integrated into general national and regional development strategies. DRR strategies usually begin with plans for assessing (a) the hazards and risks that threaten the target area, (b) the extent of harm that would occur to communities and infrastructure, and (c) the vulnerable people’s capacities to cope with and recover from possible disasters.

E. Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) – the systematic process of using all available manpower and resources to implement various methods to lessen the impacts of hazards and the likelihood of a disaster

Multiple Choice

Defined as a “dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage”.

• Disaster Risk Reduction

• Capacity

• Risk

• Hazard

Multiple Choice

It is the degree to which the elements at risk are likely to experience hazard events of different magnitudes.

• Exposure

• Capacity

• Risk

• Hazard

Multiple Choice

These are often described as a result of the combination of several things: the exposure to a hazard; the conditions of vulnerability that are present; and insufficient capacity or measures to reduce or cope with the potential negative consequences.

• Exposure

• Capacity

• Disasters

• Hazard

Multiple Choice

It is defined as the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard.

• Exposure

• Vulnerability

• Disasters

• Hazard

Multiple Choice

It is in general usage the emphasis is usually placed on the concept of chance or possibility on an event and its negative consequence.

• Exposure

• Vulnerability

• Disasters

• Risk

Multiple Choice

Defined as the combination of all the strengths, attributes and resources available within a community, society or organization that can be used to achieve agreed goals.

• Capacity

• Vulnerability

• Disasters

• Risk

Multiple Choice

It is the disruption of a community’s function which exceeds its ability to cope and recover on its own. It may involve widespread losses and impacts whether human, material, economic, or environmental.

• Disaster Risk

• Disaster Risk Reduction Management

• Disaster

• Disaster Risk Reduction

Multiple Choice

It is the potential loss in human lives, health status, livelihood, assets, and services due to the effects of a disaster.

• Disaster Risk

• Vulnerability

• Disasters

• Disaster Risk Reduction

Multiple Choice

It is the concept and practice of analysis and management of the causes of disasters, through reducing exposure to hazards, lessening vulnerability, wise management of the environment, and improved preparedness for adverse events, to reduce disaster risks

• Disaster Risk

• Vulnerability

• Disasters

• Disaster Risk Reduction

Multiple Choice

The systematic process of using all available manpower and resources to implement various methods to lessen the impacts of hazards and the likelihood of a disaster.

• Disaster Risk

• Disaster Risk Reduction Management

• Disasters

• Disaster Risk Reduction

Open Ended

Cite one key principle of disaster risk reduction and briefly explain.

Open Ended

Cite one reason why disaster risk reduction is important.

Poll

Which among the following would you like to do for this second quarter's individual task (aside from the family preparedness plan)?

• Get Ready With Me Video (as a Fatimanian going to school during this hot season)

• Recite the selected sections of RA 10121 in front of the class

• 3 minutes Awareness video about 72-hour survival kit

• An interview with a grade 11 student about his knowledge on disaster risk reduction (concepts, principles, elements, etc)