Introducing Physical Science: Methods, Measurements and Matter

Scientific Method

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Scientific Method

1. Ask a question
2. Research Topic
3. Form Hypothesis
4. Test Hypothesis
5. Analyze Data
6. Conclusion & Communicate Results

Multiple Choice

What step comes after you ask a question?

• conclusion & communicate results

• test your hypothesis

• research topic

Scientific Method

1. Ask a question
2. Research Topic
3. Form Hypothesis
4. Test Hypothesis
5. Analyze Data
6. Conclusion & Communicate Results

Multiple Choice

What step occurs after you form a hypothesis?

• research topic

• test a hypothesis

• analyze data

Scientific Method

1. Ask a question
2. Research Topic
3. Form Hypothesis
4. Test Hypothesis
5. Analyze Data
6. Conclusion & Communicate Results

Multiple Choice

What is the last step in the scientific method?

• conclusion & communicate results

• ask a question

• form a hypothesis

Scientific Method

1. Ask a question
2. Research Topic
3. Form Hypothesis
4. Test Hypothesis
5. Analyze Data
6. Conclusion & Communicate Results

Qualitative vs Quantitative

qualitative - "quality" describing something using words

quantitative - "quantity" describing something using numbers

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are qualitative?

• red pen

• 4 boys

• 2 plants

Multiple Select

Select which of the following are quantitative? (Select all that apply)

• 14 desks

• blue sky

• 4 books

• sad girl

Inference vs Prediction

Inference - assuming what is happening at the moment; using observations to assume what is occurring

Prediction - assuming what is going to happen in the future; using observations and inferences to assume what will happen

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an inference?

• 12 chairs

• The class is quiet so they must be working

• when I work hard I will get better grades

Independent vs Dependent

Independent - "I change" ; part being tested

Dependent - "data" ; what gets measured

Multiple Choice

If I am testing to see if adding more water to a plant will increase it's height, what would be my independent variable?

• plant height

• amount of water

Multiple Choice

If I am testing which dog food is the tastiest, what would be my dependent variable?

• amount of dog food eaten

• type of dog food

Control Group vs Constants

Control Group - baseline group; what I am comparing my results back to; opposite of independent variable

Constants - things in an experiment that should stay the same; everything else besides independent and dependent

Multiple Choice

What would my control group be?

Independent: type of music

Dependent: test scores

• no music

• textbook

• test scores

Multiple Select

What would my constants be? (select all that apply)

Independent: type of music

Dependent: test scores

• type of music

• gender of students

• test scores

• textbook

Metric System

English System of Measurement vs Metric System

• English: Foot, gallons, pounds, Farenheit

• Metric- based on Multiples of 10. (Most other nations)

International System of Units (SI)

• Is an improved version of the Metric System

• These are universally accepted and understood throughout science

• Each type of SI measurement has a base unit

SI Base Units

SI Prefixes

The SI system is based on multiples of tens.

Remember: “King Henry Doesn’t (Usually) Drink Chocolate Milk”

Multiple Choice

 The Metric system is based on units of__.

• 1's
• 5's
• 10's
• 15's

Multiple Choice

The base unit for length is the

• second

• gram

• meter

• liter

Multiple Choice

The appropriate abbreviation of centimeter is..

• cm

• Cm

• cM

• CM

Multiple Choice

The basic metric unit for temperature is .......

• gram (g)

• meter (m)

• liter (L)

• Kelvin (K)

Multiple Choice

The basic metric unit for volume is the .....

• gram (g)

• meter (m)

• liter (L)

• Kelvin (K)

Multiple Choice

40 mL = ? cL

• 400

• 4000

• 4

• 0.4

Multiple Choice

Convert 8 kilometers to meters

• 800 m

• 80,000 m

• 8,000 m

• .008 m

Multiple Choice

32 km = ? m

• 320

• 3,200

• 0.032

• 32,000

Multiple Choice

5 kg = ? g

• 50

• 500

• 5000

• 50,000

Multiple Choice

3 cm = ? mm

• 30

• 300

• 3000

• 0.3

Multiple Choice

Convert from meters to cm: 9 meters

• 900 cm

• 90 cm

• 0.9 cm

• 0.09 cm

Multiple Choice

1000 grams = _____ kilograms

• 0.0001

• 1,000,000

• 10

• 1

Multiple Choice

345 cm = _____ m

• 3.45 m

• 0.345 m

• 34.5 m

• 3,450 m

Multiple Choice

What scientific tool is best to measure the length of a classroom?

• Meter Stick

• Ruler

• Graduated Cylinder

• Triple Beam Balance

Multiple Choice

Which unit below is the largest?

• Kilogram

• Gram

• Centigrams

• Milligrams

Multiple Choice

Which unit below is the SMALLEST?

• Kilometer

• Millimeters

• Meters

• Centimeters

Multiple Choice

What unit is used for measuring MASS in the metric system?

• Grams

• Liters

• Meters

• Miles

Multiple Choice

3 cm = ? mm

• 30
• 300
• 3000
• 0.3

Multiple Choice

5000 m = ? km

• 5
• 10
• 15
• 20

Atomic Theory & States of Matter

Multiple Choice

What are the positively charged particles in an atom called?

• Electrons

• Neutrons

• Protons

Multiple Choice

Which particle in the atom is neutrally (neither positive or negative) charged?

• Proton

• Electron

• Neutron

• Negatron

Multiple Choice

What two particles would you find in the nucleus of an atom?

• Protons and electrons

• Neutrons and electrons

• Protons and neutrons

• Electrons and negatrons

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Multiple Choice

What state of matter has definite shape and definite volume?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

The definition of a gas would be which of the following...

• They have definite shape and volume.

• They have definite shape but not a definite volume.

• They do not have a definite shape or volume.

• Gases do not have a definition.

Multiple Choice

What has to happen for one state of matter to change to another state of matter?

• Heat is added or reduced.

• Nothing, the states of matter cannot change.

• Particles are taken away from the system.

• Particles are added to the system.

Multiple Choice

Which number has the particles moving the fastest?

• 1

• 2

• 5

• 4

• 3

Multiple Choice

What is represented by the image shown?

• Gas

• Solid

• Liquid

• None of the ones listed

Multiple Choice

Which form of matter take the shape of a container like this juice?

• liquid

• solid

• glass

• gas