Literary Devices

Literary Devices:

A Review

Sandoz, English 10

What comes to
mind when you

think of an

iceberg? Write
your thoughts.

Poll

What do you think about an iceberg? Choose your answer(s):

• It's just a cold slab of ice. Am I missing something?

• Ice floats, that must mean something?

• I feel like there is more to this than what's on the surface...

• Ice makes me think of ice cream. Great, now I'm hungry.

What do you notice

now?

Open Ended

After seeing the last image, what are you thinking now? Write some ideas about icebergs.

❖ Only some of an iceberg is

visible above the surface of
the water - usually only an

average of 10%.

❖ This means that up to 90% of

an iceberg is below the

surface of the water.

❖ This is where the expression

“just the tip of the iceberg”
comes from. The phrase

means that’s only the
beginning of the issue.

Define Metaphor.

Then define
allegory.

+

=

A metaphor = comparing two things

(symbols) to make a deeper connection.

Life is a highway, and I want
to ride it ALL NIGHT LONG!
(Living is an adventure and I
am happy to experience it!)

An allegory = a story that uses metaphors to reveal a deeper connection. This can also be called an extended metaphor.

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood.
And I - I took the road less traveled by - And it has made all the difference.
(Life presents difficult options, and I
decided to do more difficult tasks. But it paid off for me!)

Make the connection

➔

An Iceberg is a structure that is visible to humans, but has a lot
more that goes unseen below the surface.

➔

Just like an allegory - a story that has a clear beginning, middle,
and end yet there is a deeper meaning below the surface. It is our
job as a reader to discover this deeper meaning.

(Yes, I just used a metaphor of an iceberg to explain allegory).

Activity 1: on the next slide,
choose a popular metaphor and
analyze it. Write what you think it
means in your response.
Remember that the metaphor has
a deeper implied meaning.

Choose one of the following metaphors to think about.

Be ready to share what you think the author really means.

#1. “All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players.” —As You Like It, William Shakespeare

#2. “Well, you keep away from her, cause she’s a rattrap if I ever seen one.’”
—Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck

#3. “The sun in the west was a drop of burning gold that slid near and nearer the sill of the world.”
—Lord of the Flies, William Golding