CM 02.1 Properties of Matter

Lesson

2.1

Properties of

Matter

Lesson 2.1 Properties of Matter

Vocabulary Review

density: a ratio that compares the mass of an object to its
volume

Objectives

• Identify the characteristics of a substance.
• Distinguish between physical and chemical properties.
• Differentiate among the physical states of matter.

states of matter

solid

liquid

gas

vapor

Main Idea

Most common substances exist as solids, liquids,
and gases, which have diverse physical and chemical
properties.

physical property

extensive property

intensive property

chemical property

New Vocabulary

Substances

• Matter is anything that has

mass and takes up space.

• Matter is everything

around us.

• Matter with a uniform and

unchanging composition is
a substance.

States of
Matter

• The physical forms of matter,

either solid, liquid, or gas, are
called the states of matter.

• Solidsare a form of matter that

have their own definite shape
and volume.

• Liquidsare a form of matter that

have a definite volume but take
the shape of the container.

States of Matter (cont.)

• Gaseshave no definite shape or volume. They

expand to fill their container.

• Vaporrefers to the gaseous state of a substance

that is a solid or liquid at room temperature.

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Solid State Simulation

Liquid State Simulation

Gas State Simulation

Open Ended

Compare the properties of solids and liquids in terms of their particle arrangements.

Open Ended

Differentiate between a gas and a vapor.

States of Matter (cont.)

•

A plasma is a form of matter that results when the
particles of a gas become ionized and are broken
apart into smaller charged particles.

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Physical Properties of Matter

• A physical propertyis a characteristic that

can be observed or measured without
changing the sample’s composition.

Open Ended

Define physical property and provide examples.

Physical Properties of Matter (cont.)

• Extensive propertiesare dependent on

the amount of substance present, such as
mass, length, or volume.

• Intensive propertiesare independent of the

amount of substance present, such as
density.

Chemical Properties of Matter

• The ability of a substance to combine with

or change into one or more other
substances is called a chemical property.

– Iron forming rust

– Copper turning green in the air

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Open Ended

Compare physical and chemical properties.

Observing Properties of Matter

• A substance can change form–an

important concept in chemistry.

• Chemical properties can change with specific

environmental conditions, such as
temperature and pressure.

Multiple Choice

Density is what type of property?

• atomic

• intensive

• extensive

• dependent

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a pure substance?

• Milk

• Table Salt

• Air

• Tap Water

Multiple Choice

What is true of a physical property of matter?

• An example is iron forming rust

• it is always an extensive property

• it is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing a samples composition

• it is the ability or inability of a substance to continue with or change into one or more substances

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a chemical property of copper?​

• it is shiny

• It has a density of 8.96 g/ cm^3

• It has a melting point of 1085°C.

• It forms a new compound when it interacts with moist air.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is correct?

• Density is an intensive property.

• Volume is an intensive property.

• Intensive and extensive properties are chemical properties.

• External conditions can affect both physical and chemical properties.

Draw

1. Create a table that describes four states of matter in terms of their properties.​

Open Ended

Describe the characteristics that identify a sample of
matter as a substance.

Categorize

Options (4)

1. Iron and oxygen form rust.​

1. Magnesium burns brightly when ignited.​

1. Iron is more dense than aluminum.​

1. Mercury melts at –39 C​

Classify each of the following as a physical or a chemical property.​

Physical Property

Chemical Property

Lesson 2.1 Properties of Matter

Key Concepts

• The three common states of matter are solid, liquid,

and gas.

• Physical properties can be observed without altering a

substance’s composition.

• Chemical properties describe a substance’s ability to

combine with or change into one or more new
substances.

• External conditions can affect both physical and

chemical properties.