Unit 2 Notes Alterations of Ecosystems

Match

order the layers of earth

• crust

• asthenosphere

• lithosphere

• mantle

• core

1. 1. layer

2. 2. layer

3. 3. layer

4. 4. layer

5. 5. layer

• 1. 1. layer

• 2. 2. layer

• 3. 3. layer

• 4. 4. layer

• 5. 5. layer

Match

Match the following images to the correct sphere.

Biosphere

Hydrosphere

Atmosphere

Geosphere

• Biosphere

• Hydrosphere

• Atmosphere

• Geosphere

Multiple Choice

What is the geosphere?

• all the air and gases on the planet

• all the frozen water on the Earth

• the non-living soil, rocks, and minerals of the Earth

• the rivers, lakes, and oceans of the Earth

Multiple Choice

What is the hydrosphere?

• all the air and gases on the planet

• made up of living things

• the non-living soil, rocks, and minerals of the Earth

• the rivers, lakes, and oceans of the Earth

Multiple Choice

What is the atmosphere?

• all the air and gases on the planet

• made up of living things

• the non-living soil, rocks, and minerals of the Earth

• the rivers, lakes, and oceans of the Earth

Multiple Choice

What is the biosphere?

• all the air and gases on the planet

• made up of living things

• the non-living soil, rocks, and minerals of the Earth

• the rivers, lakes, and oceans of the Earth

Labelling

Look at the picture. Label the 4 spheres.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Geosphere

Hydrosphere

Atmosphere

Biosphere

Multiple Choice

What are groups of different populations living togther in the same place at the same time called?

• An organism

• A population

• A community

• A biosphere

Multiple Choice

A group of the same organisms living together in the same place at the same time is:

• An organism

• A population

• A community

• A biome

Multiple Choice

What is it called when you have groups of different populations along with their abiotic factors?

• An organism

• A population

• A community

• An ecosystem

Multiple Choice

Together, all the ecosystems on Earth form...

• a community.

• a biome.

• a biosphere.

• an Earthsphere.

Multiple Choice

Andrea is on the grils cross country tream. She is heading out for a run when she comes across 20 Canadian geese.  What level of organization is this group of Canadian geese?

• organism
• population
• community
• biome

Drag and Drop

Identify the correct level or organization: the ​sea turtle, fish, and coral reef plus the water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and sunlight are an ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Placeholder

​

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

ecosystem

biosphere

biome

species

population

community

Multiple Choice

An organism's _________ is defined as the environment in which it lives.

• habitat
• niche
• social structure
• ecosystem

Multiple Choice

This is the job or role of a specific organism within its habitat...

• producer

• prey

• carnivore

• niche

• photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

The ecological role an organism performs in their specific environment is considered the organism's...

• Habitat

• Population

• Biome

• Niche

Multiple Choice

The resources or role a population actually uses or takes as a result of competition.

• niche
• realized niche
• fundamental niche
• competition

Multiple Choice

This is known as all the set of resources/space etc. or roles a population is theoretically capable of using or taking in the wild.

• niche
• realized niche
• fundamental niche
• competition

Multiple Choice

An organism's ability to survive and reproduce

• niche
• habitat
• adaptation
• fitness

Multiple Choice

What would happen to the blue whale population if the krill population went extinct?

• the blue whale population eats other things in the food web

• the blue whale population would increase

• The blue whale population would remain the same.

• the blue whale population would also decrease

Labelling

Label the levels of the energy pyramid

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

First Level Consumer

Producer

Second Level Consumer

Third Level Consumer

Match

Match each system with the correct description.

• Atmosphere

• Bioshpere

• Hydrosphere

• Geosphere

includes all of the gases in the air.

all of the living things on Earth.

made up of all the liquid water on Earth

solid and molten, or liquid, rock.

• includes all of the gases in the air.

• all of the living things on Earth.

• made up of all the liquid water on Earth

• solid and molten, or liquid, rock.

Labelling

Fill in the levels of the ecological pyramid with the organisms in the food web.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Fish

Crab

Shark

Algae

Turtle

Seal

Hotspot

If the producers have 1,000 joules of energy, click on the level that will have 100 joules.

Hotspot

Click on the apex predator.

Labelling

Label this pyramid.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

4th Level Consumer

Producer

Primary Consumer

Secondary Consumer

3rd Level Consumer

Multiple Choice

The 10% rule states that 10% of energy moves from each trophic level to the next.

In the pyramid, if the producers level contains 1234 kilocalories, how many kilocalories are transferred to the bird (apex predator)?

• 123.4

• 1.234

• 1234

• 1234

Multiple Choice

Technically speaking, ALL food chains should end with these types of organisms so that nutrients can be recycled back into the habitat…

• parasites

• predators

• herbivores

• symbiotes

• decomposers

Match

Match the following:

• Producer/Autotroph

• Secondary Consumer

• Tertiary Consumer

• Apex Predator

• Herbivore

Plant

Bird

Snake

Owl

Grasshopper

• Plant

• Bird

• Snake

• Owl

• Grasshopper

Multiple Choice

What is the general term used to describe the interaction between two different organisms that are living in close physical association?

• photosynthesis

• symbiosis

• habitat

• prey

• omnivore

Multiple Choice

What you would call an ecological symbiotic relationship between two organisms where one benefits, but the other is not helped or harmed?

• mutualsim

• predator

• commensalism

• parasitism

• herbivory

Multiple Choice

An ecological symbiotic relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is harmed…

• parasitism

• herbivore

• mutualism

• carnivore

• commensalism

Multiple Choice

What does the image represent in ecological terms?

• Predation

• Competition

• Mutualism

• Parasitism

Multiple Choice

It is said that if bees went away, society would soon fall. This means that bees hold most ecosystems together. This would mean that bees are a type of ______ species.

• keystone
• invasive
• complementary
• predator

Multiple Choice

Organisms that are introduced into new ecosystems and quickly take over a habitat due to no natural predators are known as what?

• domesticated species
• invasive species
• endangered species
• friendly species

Multiple Choice

The flock of white seagulls that are fighting over a single food source (Nemo & Dory) depicts which ecological relatioship?

• Intraspecies Competition

• Mutualism

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

Multiple Select

The video clip depicts two whales of the same species chasing after and fighting for the food source (penguins). The two ecological relationships depicted in this scene are -

• Interspecies Competition

• Mutualism

• Parasitism

• Predator-Prey relationship

• Intraspecies Competion

Multiple Choice

The pearlfish receives protection from predators by living inside a sea cucumber. The sea cucumber is not affected during this interaction. This ecological relationship is known as -

• predator-prey because the pearlfish is prey to the sea cucumber

• mutualism because only the pearlfish benefits in this ecological relationship

• parasitism because the pearlfish causes harm to the host sea cucumber

• commensalism because only the pearlfish benefits while the sea cucumber is not affected

• competition because the sea cucumber and pearlfish often fight for living space

Match

Match the following types of relationships to their descriptions:

• Both organisms are harmed by fighting over a resource

• One organism benefits at the expense of the other

• One organism benefits while the other remains neutral

• Both organisms benefit (help each other)

Competition

Parasitism

Commensalism

Mutualism

• Competition

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

• Mutualism

Multiple Choice

. Which of the following is an example of primary succession?

• A.lichens growing on rocks following a volcanic eruption

• B.grasses growing after a forest fire

• C.oak trees replacing pine trees in a forest

• D. non-native species introduced into a climax community

Multiple Choice

How is primary succession different from secondary succession?

• Primary succession starts with soil.

• Secondary succession start with bare rock.

• Primary succession starts with bare rock, with lichens and moss.

• Fire is an example of primary succession.

Multiple Choice

Natural disturbances, such as fires or hurricanes, can result in

• A.parasitism.

• B.competition.

• C.commensalism.

• D.succession.

Multiple Choice

Abandoned railroad tracks are overgrown with weeds. Ten years later there are small aspen trees growing in the middle of the tracks. This change is an example of:

• Primary succession

• Biological evolution

• Secondary succession

• Heterotrophic nutrition

Labelling

Is the bear "biotic" or "abiotic"?

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

abiotic

biotic

Multiple Choice

The amount of different species in an ecosystem is known as

• population
• biodiversity
• habitat
• climate

Multiple Choice

Currently sharks are on a rapid decline due to overfishing. If sharks go extinct will this affect the biodiversity of the ocean?

• No, sharks are not important.
• No, sharks will only affect the seal populations.
• Yes, it will disrupt the entire food chain in the ocean.
• Yes, but only a little.

Multiple Choice

What does the word biodiversity mean?

• Bio = life

  Diversity = same

• Bio = Earth

  Diversity = variety

• Bio = life

  Diversity = variety

• Bio = Earth

  Diversity = same

Multiple Select

What are the 3 types of biodiversity (SELECT 3)

• Genetic

• Species

• Ecosystem

• Size

• Biotic

Multiple Choice

The end result of ecological succession is usually a(n)

• A.land biome.

• B.aquatic biome.

• C.unstable community.

• D.climax community.

Multiple Choice

Greater ____________________ means there are more habitats to support different types of organisms.

• Ecosystem Diversity

• Species Diversity

• Genetic Diversity

Multiple Choice

The more different types of organisms and the more relationships that can occur between organisms the greater the...

• Species Diversity

• Genetic Diversity

• Ecosystem Diversity

Multiple Choice

The greater the ____________________, the more likely a species is to survive changes to their environment

• Genetic Diversity

• Species Diversity

• Ecosystem Diversity

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a niche?

• A rabbit lives inside of a burrow.

• A rabbit can be found in a forest ecosystem.

• A rabbit eats grass. The rabbits help keep the grass population balanced.

Multiple Choice

The biodiversity of an ecosystem will decrease if...

• Organisms are added to an ecosystem.

• Organisms remain the same in an ecosystem.

• Organisms are removed from an ecosystem.

• Not enough information.

Multiple Choice

An ecosystem that is high in biodiversity it said to be a(n) _______ ecosystem.

• Unstable

• Disrupted

• Unbalanced

• Stable

Multiple Choice

The Amazon Rainforest is very species-rich, as it is home to 10 million species. The Sahara Desert is far less rich, with only a few thousand species. Which ecosystem has less biodiversity?

• The Amazon Rainforest

• The Sahara Desert

Multiple Choice

Organisms and resources are not balanced.

• High biodiversity

• Low biodiversity

• Not enough information

Multiple Choice

Which ecosystem is more diverse?

• Ecosystem A

• Ecosystem B

• They're have the same biodiversity

• Not enough information

Multiple Choice

If the penguins from Ecosystem B were all to die from disease, what would happen to the other organisms?

• If the penguins were to die, the whales would lose their major food source. Although they can still eat krill, penguin were their favorite, so the ecosystem would collapse.

• If the penguins were to die, the squid would lose their major food source. This would not make the ecosystem collapse, since the squid can still hunt the seagulls and seals.

• If the penguins were to die, the plankton would lose their major food source. This would make the ecosystem collapse since the plankton are this food web's foundation.

• If the penguins were to die, the seals would lose their major food source. This would allow more squid and plankton to be available to other organisms. Since the seal has other food sources (squid), the ecosystem should not completely collapse.

Multiple Choice

If only 10% of an organism's energy is available for the next trophic level, what happens with the other 90% of the energy?

• It is destroyed after it is used up

• It is used for life processes like movement, creating offspring producing waste or lost as body heat

• It is used to grow plants

• It is lost completely as body heat

Multiple Choice

Which ecosystem below has the HIGHEST biodiversity?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes how an abiotic factor can impact the population dynamics in an ecosystem?

• A. A parasite that invades a host can reproduce and cause a decline in the host species population.

• B. Organisms that compete for the same resources will keep each other from overpopulating.

• C. Predators will prevent herbivores from depleting the plants and other resources in an ecosystem.

• D. Seasonal variations in temperature can cause some of the individuals in a population to die.

Multiple Choice

A volcano in a mountainous, wooded region erupts, spewing tons of ash and destroying the forested area around the volcano. If the volcano remains dormant during

the next 1000 years, what will probably happen?

• The area will be repopulated by trees, eventually becoming a

  forest again.

• The mountains will erode and remain without life.

• The area will remain unchanged, covered by volcanic ash.

• The area will turn into a completely different habitat, such as

  desert of plains.

Multiple Choice

How has the invasion of pythons effected the everglades ecosystem in terms of species numbers?

• The pythons could upset the territorial boundaries of native organisms.

• The pythons could adapt to overcome diseases common to native snakes.

• The pythons could prey on native organisms and cause native populations to decline.

• The pythons could begin to interbreed with native snakes and produce a more successful species.

Multiple Choice

Scientists found, that over a period of 200 years, a mountain pond was transformed into a meadow. During that time, several communities of organisms were replaced by different communities. Which of these best explains why new communities were able to replace older communities?

• A.The original species became extinct.

• A.Species in the older community died from old age.

• A.The abiotic characteristics of the habitat changed.

• A.Diseases that killed the older organisms disappeared.