AP Psych: Unit 1 Part 2

Multiple Choice

In chemistry class, Teresa was aware that she was writing down her teacher’s words. Which psychological concept best describes Teresa’s experience?

• Teresa was consciously aware of her experience.

• Teresa was unconscious during her experience.

• Teresa was experiencing blindsight during her experience.

• Teresa was biased during her experience.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of dual processing?

• While reading a book you are also unconsciously aware of the smell of cookies

• While listening to a song you hear the volume, words, and pitch of the music

• You know to message your friend first you need to unlock your phone then open the messaging app, type the message, and press send

• Dreaming and recognizing your dreaming so you can change your dream.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of parallel processing?

• Working on your homework and unconsciously hearing the hum of the fan

• In order to drive you need to first put the key in the ignition and turn it then push the brake to shift into gear.

• Tasting a new food you notice the texture of the food, the smell of the food, and individual flavors.

• Falling asleep and finding it easy to wake up

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of sequential processing?

• Sleeping so soundly that someone has a hard time waking you up.

• Watching a movie you are aware of the colors, sounds, and interactions of all the characters

• Driving home you pay attention to the traffic and roads around you but unconsciously are aware of the color of the car in front of you.

• To make a bed you first put on the fitted sheet. Then the flat sheet and finally the comforter.

Multiple Choice

Dr. James collected EEG data on 100 participants as they were daydreaming to determine which brain-wave patterns were present during this activity. Which of the following best depicts the independent variable in this example?

• The 100 participants

• Daydreaming, a state of consciousness

• The EEG data measuring brain-wave patterns

• 
  

  The effect of daydreaming on EEG data

Multiple Choice

Dr. Hedge replicated past EEG research by showing that alpha waves were present

• when people are in REM sleep

• When people are in Stage 2 sleep

• When people are in Stage 3 sleep

• When people are awake

Multiple Choice

Dr. Liza conducted a sleep study in which half of the volunteers were randomly assigned to scroll through their friends’ photos on social media right before bedtime. The other half of the volunteers were told to avoid screens at bedtime. Dr. Liza measured the length of time it took for the volunteers to fall asleep once they got into their beds.

Based on Dr. Liza’s study, a journalist writes a magazine article claiming that everyone should avoid scrolling through friends’ photos on social media prior to bedtime, because it will then take them longer to fall asleep. Which of the following describes the journalist’s error?

• The journalist cannot generalize these research findings to the general population, because Dr. Liza did not use random assignment.

• The journalist cannot generalize these research findings to the general population, because Dr. Liza did not use random selection.

• The journalist cannot infer causality from Dr. Liza’s study, as it was a nonexperimental design.

• Providing general advice based on the results of one study is unethical.

Multiple Choice

Dr. Liza conducted a sleep study in which half of the volunteers were randomly assigned to scroll through their friends’ photos on social media right before bedtime. The other half of the volunteers were told to avoid screens at bedtime. Dr. Liza measured the length of time it took for the volunteers to fall asleep once they got into their beds.

If Dr. Liza finds that the group who scrolled through their friends’ photos on social media took longer to fall asleep than the other group, what conclusion can she draw?

• Scrolling through friends’ photos on social media caused the volunteers to take longer to fall asleep.

• There is a positive correlation between scrolling through friends’ photos on social media and the length of time it took the volunteers to fall asleep.

• The effect of social media usage prior to bedtime can be applied to the general population.

• Dr. Liza cannot draw any conclusions about this research given its qualitative nature.

Multiple Choice

Dr. Liza conducted a sleep study in which half of the volunteers were randomly assigned to scroll through their friends’ photos on social media right before bedtime. The other half of the volunteers were told to avoid screens at bedtime. Dr. Liza measured the length of time it took for the volunteers to fall asleep once they got into their beds.

Which body chemical is most implicated in Dr. Liza’s research?

• Dopamine

• Melatonin

• Norepinephrine

• Epinephrine

Multiple Choice

Dr. Truman conducted a study where she drew numbers out of a hat to determine which half of the participants slept only 4 hours per night for 4 weeks (Group A) and which half of the participants slept 8 to 9 hours per night for 4 weeks (Group B). She ensured that the participants’ living quarters were the same for the duration of the study, changing only the amount of time each group slept. Using the graphs and information in the prompt, address the following questions:

Which of the following aspects of Dr. Truman’s study allows her to draw a cause-effect conclusion about the impact of sleep on hormones?

• Random selection

• Experimental control

• Confounding variables

• Qualitative methodology

Multiple Choice

After two nights without sleep, which of the following can be expected?

• An increase in night terrors

• Sleep apnea

• Narcolepsy

• REM Rebound

Multiple Choice

Bohdana believes that she dreams to help her remember what happened during the day. Which dream theory aligns with her view?

• Information processing

• Cognitive development

• Physiological function

• Neural activation

Multiple Choice

Tyshane went swimming with friends who did not want to get into the pool because the water felt cold. Tyshane jumped in and after a few minutes declared, “It was cold when I first got in, but now it’s fine. Come on in!” Tyshane’s body became accustomed to the water temperature due to

• priming.

• absolute threshold.

• difference threshold.

• sensory adaptation.

Multiple Choice

Natalia is washing her hands, and she adjusts the faucet handle until the water feels just slightly hotter than it did before. Natalia’s adjustment until she feels the change in temperature is an example of

• a subliminal stimulus.

• an absolute threshold.

• a difference threshold.

• signal detection.

Multiple Choice

As Jeff reads his psychology textbook, he is able to convert the light waves into signals that his brain can interpret due to

• transduction.

• perception.

• priming.

• sensory adaptation.

Multiple Choice

When she sees a photo of a face, Juana is able to recognize it as the face of her mother. Which of the following explains why?

• Weber’s law

• Bottom-up processing

• Top-down processing

• Signal detection theory

Multiple Choice

If you scratch your eye, which structure are you most likely to damage?

• Pupil

• Iris

• Cornea

• Lens

Multiple Choice

Your best friend decides to paint her room an extremely bright electric blue. Which of the following best describes the physical properties of the color’s light waves?

• No wavelength; large amplitude

• Short wavelength; large amplitude

• Short wavelength; small amplitude

• Long wavelength; large amplitude

Multiple Choice

Which of the following structures helps you most in detecting the color of your friend’s shirt?

• Rods

• Cones

• Fovea

• Lens

Multiple Choice

What function is most associated with the eye structure identified in question #1?

• Color vision

• Accommodation

• Feature detection

• Peripheral vision

Multiple Choice

To which eye structure does the arrow point in the image?

• Cornea

• Iris

• Lens

• Retina

Multiple Choice

Dr. Seesmay wants to conduct a study in which she examines sensorineural hearing loss. Which of the following would be an appropriate operational definition for her variable of interest?

• The number of hair cells damaged in the cochlea among individuals with hearing loss

• The functioning of the hammer, anvil, and stirrup among individuals with hearing loss

• The rate of firing in the occipital lobe among individuals with hearing loss

• The subjective experience of pitch among individuals with hearing loss

Multiple Choice

Nicholas can tell the difference between different pitches because his cochlea’s basilar membrane is stimulated in different areas. Nicholas’ experience aligns with which theory?

• Place theory

• Frequency theory

• Volley theory

• Sound localization

Multiple Choice

After being exposed to loud music for many years, which of the following types of hearing loss is more likely in a musician?

• Conduction

• Accommodation

• Sensorineural

• Frequency

Multiple Choice

Austin damaged the hair-like receptors in his semicircular canals. Which sensation will be most impacted?

• Balance

• Smell

• Hearing

• Pain

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the best example of sensory interaction?

• Finding that food tastes bland when you have a bad cold

• Finding it difficult to maintain your balance when you have an ear infection

• Finding that the cold pool water doesn’t feel so cold after a while

• Finding that the hot peppers get hotter as you consume more of them

Multiple Choice

Jaymie felt intense pain when she broke her finger. According to gate-control theory, where are the “gates” located to enable Jaymie’s brain to receive pain messages from her finger?

• Thalamus

• Semicircular canals

• Amygdala

• Spinal cord

Multiple Choice

Dr. Hessler asked a group of participants with damage to their sensory systems to touch their noses with their eyes closed 10 times. He asked a group of participants without sensory system damage to engage in the same action. The median number of times the group with sensory system damage touched their noses was 5, while the median number of times the group without sensory system damage touched their noses was 10. Which of the following is the likely variable of interest in Dr. Hessler’s study?

• Kinesthesis

• Olfaction

• Gustation

• Chemical sensation

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are considered “chemical” senses?

• vision and hearing

• kinesthesis and vestibular sense

• taste and smell

• pain and touch

Multiple Choice

The knowledge of your head and body position is demonstrated by

• kinesthesis.

• top-down processing.

• sensory interaction.

• the vestibular sense.

Multiple Choice

Your sense of the position and movement of your body parts is called

• audition.

• kinesthesis.

• olfaction.

• the vestibular sense.

Multiple Choice

The opponent-process theory is most useful for explaining a characteristic of

• phantom limb sensations.

• Weber's law.

• afterimages.

• sensory interaction.

Multiple Choice

As a participant in a sleep study, you are awakened at different times throughout the night and asked whether you had a dream. You are more likely to report having a dream if you are in which type of sleep?

• Stage 1 sleep

• Alpha wave sleep

• REM sleep

• Deep wave sleep

Multiple Choice

The roughly 24-hour cycle of day and night that runs our internal biological clocks is called the

• circadian rhythm.

• time synchronicity cycle.

• mammalian clock.

• organic cycle.

Multiple Choice

Which dream theory believes that dreams help us sort out the day's events and consolidate our memories?

• Information-processing.

• Wish-fulfillment.

• Physiological function.

• Cognitive development.

Multiple Choice

The large, slow brain waves associated with NREM-3 sleep are called

• sleep spindles.

• delta waves.

• alpha waves.

• REMs

Multiple Choice

Sleepwalking is most likely to be associated with ________ sleep.

• NREM-1 Sleep

• NREM-2 Sleep

• Alpha Sleep

• NREM-3