12.4 and 12.5 Long and Short Term Climate Factors

Multiple Choice

warming that results when solar radiation is trapped by the atmosphere

• radiative forcing
• greenhouse effect
• greenhouse gases
• carbon footprint

Multiple Choice

What are the three factors that can cause Earth's surface temperature to increase?

• An increase in incoming sunlight, a decrease in reflected sunlight, an increase in energy kept by greenhouse gases

• A decrease in incoming sunlight, an increase in reflected sunlight, a decrease in energy kept by greenhouse gases

• An increase in incoming sunlight, an increase in reflected sunlight, a decrease in energy kept by greenhouse gases

• A decrease in incoming sunlight, a decrease in reflected sunlight, an increase in energy kept by greenhouse gases

Multiple Choice

What can affect the energy from sunlight reaching Earth?

• The distance from the moon

• The angle of sunlight and nuclear processes in the sun

• The Earth's rotation speed

• The presence of clouds

Multiple Choice

Why do areas of Earth near the equator have different climate and weather than areas near the poles?

• the areas near the poles receive more solar energy than the equator

• the areas near the equator receive more solar energy than the poles

• the equatorial areas have more ocean surface which provides different weather

• the polar areas have ice sheets which reflect the Sun's rays

Multiple Choice

The Earth's tilt on its axis contributes to what?

• seasonal changes on the Earth

• the rise and fall of tides

• ocean current speeds

• global warming

Multiple Choice

How do organisms use the compounds formed from carbon dioxide and water?

• To build their shells

• To produce oxygen

• To create energy

• To form glucose

Multiple Choice

What happens to carbon dioxide when it is removed from the air by natural processes?

• It increases the greenhouse effect.

• It reduces the greenhouse effect.

• It causes acid rain.

• It forms ozone.

Multiple Choice

How do the positions of continental land masses affect the Earth?

• They determine the size of the continents.

• They impact ocean currents and atmospheric currents.

• They control the Earth's gravitational pull.

• They affect the Earth's rotation speed.

Multiple Choice

milankovich cycles

• A broad term that refers to changes in the earth's climate mostly as a result of changes in temperature and precipitation.
• Natural cycles in the Earths position (changes in orbit, axis tilt and precession) that are used to explain climate changes over the last 400,000 yrs.
• Gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, water vapor, and ozone in the atmosphere which are involved in the greenhouse effect.
• mathematical models that are not exact predictions of weather conditions but attempt to imitate Earth's climate to estimate what might happen

Multiple Choice

What happens when Earth's orbit takes it further from the sun?

• More sunlight reaches Earth, and temperatures rise.

• Less sunlight reaches Earth, and temperatures drop.

• Earth's rotation speed increases.

• Earth's magnetic field strengthens.

Multiple Choice

How does more direct sunlight affect the Earth when its axis is more tilted?

• It has a cooling effect

• It has a warming effect

• It causes more rain

• It causes more snow

Multiple Choice

El Nino occurs when the tropical ocean waters are warmer in which ocean?

• Atlantic
• Indian
• Pacific
• Arctic

Multiple Choice

During El Niño, what type of weather is typically experienced in the southern United States?

• Cold and dry

• Warm and dry

• Wet and cool

• Warm and wet

Multiple Choice

What effect does El Niño have on the weather in the southern U.S.?

• Cool, wet weather

• Warm, dry weather

• Cold, dry weather

• Hot, humid weather

Multiple Choice

What is the impact of La Niña on the weather in the northern U.S.?

• Warm, dry weather

• Cold, wet weather

• Hot, humid weather

• Cool, dry weather

Multiple Choice

Which event is likely to cause drought in Southern California?

• El Niño

• La Niña

• Monsoon

• Hurricane

Multiple Choice

What is a short-term effect of volcanic eruptions?

• Cooling from ash blocking sunlight

• Increase in solar output

• Decrease in greenhouse gases

• Rise in sea levels

Multiple Choice

What is one effect of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases emitted from a volcano?

• They decrease global temperatures.

• They remain in the atmosphere, increasing global temperatures.

• They immediately dissipate into space.

• They have no effect on the environment.

Multiple Choice

The main human activity that releases greenhouse gases is...

• using bottled water
• burning fossil fuels
• texting on cellphones
• eating meat