2ndSem M5 Physics Sound Waves

Learning Objectives:​

• Explain how sound waves are produced.

• Relate frequency to pitch.

• Compare the speed of sound in various media.

• Relate plane waves to spherical waves.

• Recognize the Doppler effect, and determine the direction of a frequency shift when there is relative motion between a source and an observer.

​Sound Waves

Medium for sound transmission

Multiple Choice

A classification of wave that are capable of transferring energy through a vacuum.

• Mechanical Wave

• Electromagnetic Wave

• Wave

Multiple Choice

A classification of wave that can only travel through a medium.

• Mechanical Wave

• Electromagnetic Wave

• Wave

Multiple Choice

It is the MATTER through which a wave travels through.

• Mechanical Wave

• Electromagnetic Wave

• Medium

Multiple Choice

Choose an example of Electromagnetic Wave.

• Light wave

• Sound wave

• Medium

Multiple Choice

Choose an example of Mechanical Wave.

• Light wave

• Sound wave

• Medium

Multiple Choice

What are the two types of waves?

• Transverse and Longitudinal

• Sound wave and light waves

• water waves

Multiple Choice

It is a type of wave where in particle motion is perpendicular to the wave motion.

• Longitudinal Wave

• Transverse Wave

• Sound Waves

Multiple Choice

It is a type of wave where in particle motion is parallel to the wave motion.

• Longitudinal Wave

• Transverse Wave

• Sound Waves

Multiple Choice

Do sound waves travel through a medium?

• YES

• NO

Multiple Choice

What are two parts of traverse waves?

• Crest and Trough

• Compression and Rarefaction

• Longitunal and tranverse

Multiple Choice

What are two parts of longitudinal waves?

• Crest and Trough

• Compression and Rarefaction

• Longitunal and tranverse

Multiple Choice

Name the part of the transverse wave shown in the picture?

• Crest

• Rarefaction

• Trough

• Compression

Multiple Choice

Name the part of the transverse wave shown in the picture?

• Crest

• Rarefaction

• Trough

• Compression

Multiple Choice

A part of longitudinal wave where in particles are pushed together.

• Crest

• Compression

• Rarefaction

• Trough

Multiple Choice

Name the part of the longitudinal wave shown in the picture?

• Crest

• Rarefaction

• Trough

• Compression

Multiple Choice

A part of longitudinal wave where in particles are spread apart.

• Crest

• Compression

• Rarefaction

• Trough

Multiple Choice

Name the part of the longitudinal wave shown in the picture?

• Crest

• Rarefaction

• Trough

• Compression

Multiple Choice

It is the distance between one point on a wave.

• Period (T)

• Amplitude

• Wavelength (λ)

• Frequency (f)

Multiple Choice

It is the amount of time it takes one wavelength to pass point.

• Period (T)

• Amplitude

• Wavelength (λ)

• Frequency (f)

Multiple Choice

It is the number of waves that pass a given point in one second.

• Period (T)

• Amplitude

• Wavelength (λ)

• Frequency (f)

Multiple Choice

It is the speed at which the wave moves.

• Period (T)

• Wave Speed (ư)

• Wavelength (λ)

• Frequency (f)

Multiple Choice

What is the symbol used for Period ?

• (T)

• (ư)

• (λ)

• (f)

Multiple Choice

What is the symbol used for Wave Speed?

• (T)

• (ư)

• (λ)

• (f)

Multiple Choice

What is the symbol used for Wavelength?

• (T)

• (ư)

• (λ)

• (f)

Multiple Choice

What is the symbol used for Frequency?

• (T)

• (ư)

• (λ)

• (f)

Multiple Choice

What is the unit used for Period (T)?

• s

• m/s

• m

• Hz

Multiple Choice

What is the unit used for Wave Speed ( (ư))?

• s

• m/s

• m

• Hz

Multiple Choice

What is the unit used for Wavelength(λ)?

• s

• m/s

• m

• Hz

Multiple Choice

What is the unit used for Frequency(Hz)?

• s

• m/s

• m

• Hz

Multiple Choice

In General, sound waves travel the fastest in __________

• solid
• liquid
• Gas
• plasma

Multiple Choice

In General, sound waves travel the slowest in __________

• solid
• liquid
• Gas
• Plasma

Multiple Choice

Which transverse wave has the highest frequency?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

Which diagram shows the wavelength of a wave?

Multiple Choice

The matter (solid, liquid, or gas) through which waves can travel

• Medium

• Object

• Transverse Wave

• Wavelength

Multiple Choice

What does a wave carry from place to place?

• energy

• matter

• people

Multiple Choice

The highest point on a transverse wave is the

• compression

• crest

• rest position

• trough

Multiple Choice

The lowest point on a transverse wave is the

• compression

• crest

• rest position

• trough

Multiple Choice

If the wavelength of a wave increased, what would happen to the frequency?

• decrease

• increase

• stay the same

Multiple Choice

A wave that can travel through matter and empty space is a:

• electromagnetic wave

• longitudinal wavy

• transverse wave

• mechanical

Multiple Choice

What type of wave is this?

• Longitudinal

• Transverse

• Electromagnetic

• x ray

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a mechanical wave?

• sound

• light

• ocean

• seismic

Multiple Choice

How would a person measure the wavelength on this sound wave?

• dense to less dense

• trough to crest

• compression to compression

• beginning of illustration to the end

Multiple Choice

You can't hear sounds in outer space because there is no _________.

• medium

• light

• energy

• heat

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https://ophysics.com/w6.html

Open Ended

Click this link : https://ophysics.com/w6.html

Characteristics of a Sound Waves

Characteristics of a Sound Waves

In an instrument, shorter bar vibrate faster make high pitch sound. Longer bar vibrate slower make low pitch sound.

https://musiclab.chromeexperiments.com/Sound-Waves/

Open Ended

Click this link : https://musiclab.chromeexperiments.com/Sound-Waves/ or copy this link and paste to browser

Characteristics of a Sound Waves

Characteristics of a Sound Waves

Characteristics of a Sound Waves

Characteristics of a Sound Waves

Multiple Choice

Sound waves travel as ________ waves.

• Transverse

• Longitudinal

• Surface

Multiple Choice

A high amplitude sound means _____ sound, and a low amplitude sound means _____ sound.

• softer, louder

• louder, softer

• louder, louder

• softer, softer

Multiple Choice

Sound is made when a source of energy forces the matter around it to __________.

• Vibrate

• Amplitude

• Stay still

• Pitch

Multiple Choice

Sound is a form of energy. How is it produced?

• by waiting

• by vibrating objects

Multiple Choice

What is changed in the second picture?

• Someone is talking louder in picture 2
• Someone is talking softer in picture 2
• Someone is talking lower pitch in picture 2
• Someone is talking higher pitch in picture 2

Multiple Choice

It is the highness or lowness of sound or a musical note.

• Timbre

• Loudness

• Pitch

Multiple Choice

It determines the loudness or volume of a sound wave.

• frequency

• amplitude

• pitch

• loudness

Multiple Choice

The term for how high or low a sound is:

• pitch
• volume
• sound
• medium

Multiple Choice

It is the unit used for frequency.

• Hertz (Hz)

• decibel (dB)

• Meter (m)

• Second (s)

Multiple Choice

A _____ frequency sound has a higher pitch. A lower frequency sound has a _____ pitch.

• higher, higher

• lower, higher

• higher, lower

• lower, lower

Multiple Choice

Which wave produced the loudest sound?

• high Amplitude

• low Amplitude

Multiple Choice

Which wavelength would have the highest pitch like a flute or whistle?

• High Frequency Wavelength
• Low frequency Wavelength

Multiple Choice

High frequency = _______ Pitch

• High
• Low

Multiple Choice

Low frequency = _______ Pitch

• Low
• High

Multiple Choice

Low Amplitude = ______________

• Quieter Sounds
• Louder sounds

Multiple Choice

High Amplitude =__________________

• Louder sounds
• Quieter Sounds

Multiple Choice

High frequency sounds have _______ pitch

• High

• Low

Multiple Choice

Sound waves CANNOT travel through which of these:

• Paper

• Milk

• Outer space

Multiple Choice

The highness or lowness of a sound is its ____________.

• pitch

• volume

• amplitude

• frequency

Multiple Choice

What is changed in the second picture?

• Someone is talking louder in picture 2
• Someone is talking softer in picture 2
• Someone is talking lower pitch in picture 2
• Someone is talking higher pitch in picture 2

Multiple Choice

What is something natural that Sound cannot travel through?

• Water
• Air
• Liquids
• outer Space

Multiple Choice

If the distance represented by the letter A (the amplitude) were increased, how would it change the sound?

• The sound would be higher. 
• The sound would be lower. 
• The sound would be softer. 
• The sound would be louder. 

Multiple Choice

Which feature of sound is determined by amplitude?

• Pitch
• Smoothness
• Loudness

Open Ended

A wave is moving toward shore with a velocity of 4 m/s. If its period is 4.0 s, what is it's wavelength?

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​Group Activity

​https://www.checkhearing.org/soundmeter.php

• This helps students understand sound intensity through volume control.

Instruction of the game:
Do the sound as I say to match the given range decibel level.

Teacher will check the decibel meter online to see who can create the closest match.

https://www.online-stopwatch.com/random-name-pickers/

​Group Activity

​https://www.checkhearing.org/soundmeter.php

• This helps students understand sound intensity through volume control.

Instruction of the game:
1.Do the sound as I say to match the given range decibel level.

2.Teacher will check the decibel meter online to see who can create the closest match.
3.The first team who will get the first 10 points will be the winner.

https://www.online-stopwatch.com/random-name-pickers/

Intensity of different sound.

Low (<50 Hz) and high (>12,000 Hz) frequencies require higher intensities to be audible, while mid-range frequencies (~1,000 Hz) are heard at much lower intensities.

• Threshold of hearing: Lowest audible sound (~1,000 Hz, 1.0 × 10⁻¹² W/m²)

• Threshold of pain: Loudest tolerable sound (~1.0 W/m²), above which immediate or prolonged exposure can damage hearing.

Important Notes:

1. The human ear is highly sensitive, detecting minuscule sound pressure changes.

2. Prolonged exposure to high intensities, even below the pain threshold, risks hearing damage.

3. Thresholds of hearing and pain converge at extreme low and high frequencies.

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​Sound intensity level (SIL) is a measurement of how loud a sound is relative to a standard, and is expressed in decibels (dB).

Decibel is a dimensionless unit that describes the ratio of two intensities of sound; the threshold of hearing is commonly used as the reference intensity.

Relative intensity, measured in decibels (dB), relates to perceived loudness, which depends logarithmically on sound intensity. The decibel scale quantifies this, with each 10 dB increase corresponding to a tenfold rise in intensity and a fixed perceived loudness difference.

Important Notes:

1. Decibel scale is dimensionless, based on the logarithm of intensity ratios.

2. Perceived loudness increases logarithmically, not linearly, with intensity.

3. A tenfold increase in intensity adds 10 dB.

4. Equal decibel differences correspond to equal changes in perceived loudness, regardless of actual intensity increase.

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​What is Acoustic Resonance?

• Definition: Acoustic resonance occurs when a sound wave matches the natural frequency of an object, causing it to vibrate with greater amplitude.

• Key Idea: It amplifies sound through constructive interference.

​Acoustic resonance of sound wave

​How It Works

1. Natural Frequency: Every object has a frequency at which it vibrates naturally.

2. Resonance Condition: When an external sound wave matches this frequency, resonance occurs.

3. Energy Transfer: Sound energy amplifies the object’s vibrations.

• Examples in Daily Life

• Musical Instruments: Guitars, violins, and drums resonate to produce amplified sound.

• Applications

• Architecture: Designing concert halls for optimal resonance.

• Medical: Ultrasound imaging uses resonance principles

Multiple Choice

What is the threshold of hearing or the lowest audible sound?

• 1.0 × 10⁵ W/m²

• 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁰ W/m²

• 1.0 × 10⁻¹² W/m²

• 1.0 W/m²

Multiple Choice

What is the threshold of pain or the loudest tolerable sound ?

• 1.0 × 10⁵ W/m²

• 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁰ W/m²

• 1.0 × 10⁻¹² W/m²

• 1.0 W/m²

Multiple Choice

Prolonged exposure to _________, even below the pain threshold, risks hearing damage.

• high intensities

• low intensities

• medium intensities

Multiple Choice

Thresholds of hearing and pain converge at extreme low and high _______.

• amplitudes

• wavelengths

• frequencies

Multiple Choice

The threshold of hearing is commonly used as the _________.

• reference sound

• reference intensity

• reference level

Multiple Choice

________ is dimensionless, based on the logarithm of intensity ratios.

• sound intensity level

• sound intensity

• Decibel scale

Multiple Choice

______ occurs when a sound wave matches the natural frequency of an object, causing it to vibrate with greater amplitude.

• Acoustic Resonance

• sound intensity

• Decibel scale