DNA practice

DNA!

By Jodi Edge

​Identify components of DNA, identify how information for specifying the traits of an organism is carried in the DNA, and examine scientific explanations for the origin of DNA

and

recognize that components that make up the genetic code are common to all organisms​

​

• Deoxyrhybonucleic Acid

• Made of:

  • Phosphae groups

  • Deoxyrhybose sugars

  • Nitrogenous Bases

• Series of nucleotides creating a long stranded molecule

• Code for ALL life; from us to the bacteria that make us sick!

• ​Molecule resides in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and freely floats in prokaryotic cells

​

What is DNA?

Each nucleotide contains a Phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous base.

​

​Some text here about the topic of discussion.

What is a nucleotide?

Multiple Select

What molecules are in nucleotides?

• Phosphate group

• Protein

• Sugar

• lipid

• Nitrogenous base

These alternate to form the ladder-like backbone of DNA​

What does the sugar and phosphate group do?

Nitrogenous bases are the "code" part of DNA and/or RNA. Their order is what tells the cell what to make and how to do it. 4 bases found in DNA; in RNA U replaces T.

BASES include:

Cytosine

Thymine (DNA ONLY!)

Guanine

Adenine​

​ Uracil (RNA ONLY!!)

​What is a nitrogenous base?

Multiple Select

Which molecules make up the "backbone" of DNA and RNA?

• Sugar

• Phosphate group

• Nucleotide base

Multiple Choice

Why are the nucleotides so gosh darn important? (Careful, all statements are true! Make sure you are picking what makes them IMPORTANT!!!!)

• They hold the DNA together.

• They live in the nucleus.

• This is the chemical part that CODES for life.

• There are 5 different kinds.

Rosalind Franklin, in full Rosalind Elsie Franklin (1920-1958) was a British scientist best known for her contributions to the discovery of the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a constituent of chromosomes that serves to encode genetic information. Franklin also contributed new insight on the structure of viruses, helping to lay the foundation for the field of structural virology.

Multiple Choice

Rosalind Franklin is famous for...

• her work toward discovering DNA

• her work toward discovering the shape of DNA

• her work toward curing cancer

While researching the structure of DNA in 1953, her supervisor gave pictures she had taken of the structure of DNA to other scientists without her permission. Eventually, James Watson and Francis Crick published a paper, using Franklin's pictures to visualize the famous double helix model of DNA.

The new model for how DNA is shaped, allowed scientists to understand how life works and led to many discoveries and inventions, such as DNA testing, cloning, and GMOs.

Multiple Choice

Watson and Crick would go on to get the Nobel Prize, thanks in part to...

• their work in World War Two.

• Rosalind Franklin recommending them.

• using Rosalind Franklin's work without giving her credit.

Multiple Choice

What does this image show?

• Double Helical Structure of DNA
• Triple Helical Structure of DNA
• I don't know, is that a Rorschach test?
• The image is inconclusive

Match

Match the following nitrogen bases together.

• A

• C

• T

• G

T

G

A

C

• T

• G

• A

• C

Multiple Choice

What is the complementary strand of this DNA strand?

ATC GAA TTC CGC

• TAG GAA AAG GCG

• AGC AAC TTG CAC

• TAG CTT AAG GCG

• GCG GAA TTC GAT

Multiple Choice

Thymine will bond with...

• Guanine

• Cytosine

• Adenine

• Uracil

Multiple Select

Which bases are only found in DNA?

• Thymine

• Cytosine

• Adenine

• Uracil

• Guanine

Multiple Choice

Guanine will bond with...

• Thymine

• Cytosine

• Adenine

• Uracil

Multiple Choice

If in a sample of DNA there is 12% guanine, what percent would be adenine?

• 12%

• 88%

• 38%

• 76%

Multiple Choice

If a sample has 40% thymine, what percent would be adenine?

• 60%

• 40%

• 20%

• 10%

Multiple Choice

True or False: Cytosine always pairs with Adenine

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

35% of the bases in a DNA sequence are guanine. What percentage would be adenine?

• 35%

• 25%

• 15%

• 10%

Multiple Choice

Instructions in DNA are used to make __________.

• RNA

• Protein

• Fat

• DNA

Multiple Choice

DNA is located inside what organelle (for eukaryotes)?

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

• Lysosome

Multiple Choice

A _________________ consists of a sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogen base

• nucleosider

• nucleotrident

• nuclear membrane

• nucleotide

Multiple Choice

What part of a nucleotide is interchangeable? (Hint: there are four varieties)

• Deoxyribose Sugar

• Phosphate Group

• Nitrogenous Base

• None of these

Multiple Choice

The sugar found in DNA is _______________.

• deoxyribose

• ribose

• glucose

• sucrose

Multiple Choice

True or False: Hydrogen Bonds hold nitrogenous bases together.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

True or False: DNA structure is a double helix

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The rules of DNA pairing states that Cytosine (C) always pairs up with

• Thymine
• Cytosine
• Adenine
• Guanine

Multiple Choice

DNA is made of ______ strands.

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

If a strand reads:
3' A A A T T T C 5'
The matching strand would read...

• 5' T T T A A A G 3'
• 3' T T T A A A G 5'
• 5' A A A T T T C 3'
• 3' U U U A A A G 5'

Multiple Choice

Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG

• ATG TGA CAG
• TAC ACT GTC
• GTA AGT GAC
• CAT TCA CTG

Multiple Choice

Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

• deoxyribose sugar and adenine
• deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
• deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
• deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

Multiple Choice

The bases are connected by what type of bond?

• Oxygen

• Hydrogen

• Water

Multiple Choice

Who came up with the BASE PAIRING rules?

• Watson and Crick

• Meischer

• Chargaff

Multiple Choice

Who took the picture named "Photo 51?"

• Watson and Crick

• Levene

• Franklin