Ch. 7 Ionic Compounds and Metals

Multiple Choice

Describe the octet rule.

• Atoms prefer to have six electrons in their outer shell.
• The octet rule applies only to metals and not to nonmetals.
• Atoms can have any number of electrons without affecting stability.
• The octet rule states that atoms strive to have eight electrons in their valence shell for stability.

Multiple Choice

What are cations and anions?

• Cations are positively charged ions; anions are negatively charged ions.
• Cations are negatively charged ions; anions are positively charged ions.
• Cations are neutral particles; anions are charged particles.
• Cations are large molecules; anions are small molecules.

Multiple Choice

How are ionic bonds formed?

• Ionic bonds are formed through the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, creating charged ions that attract each other.
• Ionic bonds result from the attraction of neutral atoms without any charge transfer.
• Ionic bonds are created when atoms collide and fuse together.
• Ionic bonds are formed by sharing electrons equally between atoms.

Multiple Choice

What is lattice energy?

• Lattice energy is the amount of energy required to separate 1 mole of an ionic solid.

• Lattice energy is the energy required to break an ionic lattice into gaseous ions.
• Lattice energy refers to the energy absorbed when forming a covalent bond.
• Lattice energy is the energy associated with the melting of ionic compounds.

Multiple Choice

How can compound formulas be derived using ion charges?

• Use only positive ion charges to create compounds.
• Combine ions without considering their charges.
• Combine ions in ratios that balance their charges to form neutral compounds.
• Form compounds by adding ion masses together.

Multiple Choice

How do monatomic and polyatomic ions differ?

• Monatomic ions can form compounds; polyatomic ions cannot.
• Monatomic ions are always negatively charged; polyatomic ions are always positively charged.
• Monatomic ions are larger than polyatomic ions.
• Monatomic ions have one type of atom; polyatomic ions have multiple types of atoms.

Multiple Choice

What do roman numerals represent in ionic compound names?

• Roman numerals indicate the number of atoms in a compound.
• Roman numerals represent the charge of the metal cation in ionic compound names.

• Roman numerals are used to denote the color of the compound.
• Roman numerals represent the molecular weight of the compound.

Multiple Choice

How do metallic bonds differ from ionic and covalent bonds?

• Covalent bonds involve electron transfer like ionic bonds.
• Ionic bonds involve delocalized electrons similar to metallic bonds.
• Metallic bonds involve electron sharing like covalent bonds.
• Metallic bonds involve delocalized electrons, while ionic bonds involve electron transfer and covalent bonds involve electron sharing.

Multiple Choice

How do substitutional and interstitial alloys differ?

• Substitutional alloys replace atoms; interstitial alloys fit smaller atoms in gaps.

• Substitutional alloys are always stronger than interstitial alloys.
• Interstitial alloys replace solvent atoms; substitutional alloys fit solute atoms in gaps.
• Both types of alloys involve the same atomic structure.