hasocher 80A

What can you put on the Donkey?

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: הַשּׂוֹכֵר אֶת הַחֲמוֹר לִרְכּוֹב עָלֶיהָ, שׂוֹכֵר מַנִּיחַ עָלֶיהָ כְּסוּתוֹ וּלְגִנּוּתוֹ וּמְזוֹנוֹת שֶׁל אוֹתָהּ הַדֶּרֶךְ, מִכָּאן וְאֵילָךְ, חַמָּר מְעַכֵּב עָלָיו; חַמָּר מַנִּיחַ עָלָיו שְׂעוֹרִים וְתֶבֶן וּמְזוֹנוֹתָיו שֶׁל אוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם, מִכָּאן וְאֵילָךְ, שׂוֹכֵר מְעַכֵּב עָלָיו.  הֵיכִי דָּמֵי? אִי דִּשְׁכִיחַ לְמִזְבַּן, חַמָּר נַמֵי לִיעַכֵּב, וְאִי דְּלָא שְׁכִיחַ לְמִזְבַּן, שׂוֹכֵר נַמֵי לָא לִיעַכֵּב. אֲמַר רַב פַּפָּא: לָא צְרִיכָא, ידִּשְׁכִיחַ לְמִטְרַח וּלְמִזְבַּן מֵאַוְונָא לְאַוְונָא. חַמָּר, דַּרְכֵּיהּ לְמִטְרַח וּלְמִזְבַּן, שׂוֹכֵר, לָאו דַּרְכֵּיהּ לְמִטְרַח וּלְמִזְבַּן.

(Beraisa): If one rents a donkey to ride on, he may put on it his garment, food and drink for this journey. The owner can stop him from putting any more on it. The owner can put on it the donkey's food and his own food for one day. The renter can stop him from putting more than this.

Question: What is the case? If they will be able to buy food on the way, also the owner should be able to limit the renter to one day's food! If they will not be able to buy food on the way, also the owner should be allowed food for the whole journey!

Answer (Rav Papa): The case is, it is possible but hard to buy in between where they lodge at nights.  The owner is used to buying food this way, so he must do so ;A renter is not used to buying this way, so he may take food for the whole journey.

Who can you put on the donkey?

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: הַשּׂוֹכֵר אֶת הַחֲמוֹר לִרְכּוֹב עָלֶיהָ אִישׁ, לֹא תִרְכַּב עָלֶיהָ אִשָּׁה; אִשָּׁה, רוֹכֵב עָלֶיהָ אִישׁ. וְאִשָּׁה, בֵּין גְּדוֹלָה וּבֵין קְטַנָּה, אֲפִילּוּ מְעוּבֶּרֶת וַאֲפִילּוּ מֵנִיקָה. הָשתָא מֵנִיקָה אֲמַרְתְּ, מְעוּבֶּרֶת מִיבַּעְיָא! אֲמַר רַב פַּפָּא: מְעוּבֶּרֶת וְהִיא מֵנִיקָה קָאָמַר. אֲמַר אַבַּיֵי: שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ בִּינִיתָא אַכְּרֵסַהּ תָּקְלָה. לְמַאי נָפְקָא מִינַּהּ? לְמִקַּח וּמִמְכָּר.

(Beraisa): If one rented a donkey for a man to ride on, he may not have a woman ride on it If he hired it for a woman to ride on, he may have a man ride on it.  When he said that a woman will ride, she may be big or small, even pregnant, even nursing.

Question: If he may take a nursing mother (i.e. with her baby), all the more so he may take a pregnant woman!

Answer (Rav Papa): The Beraisa permits even a pregnant woman who is nursing.

Inference (Abaye): (The Mishnah already taught a big woman, and also needed to teach a pregnant woman.) This teaches that a fish with a big stomach weighs more.

Question: Why do we need to know this?

Answer: It is useful for purchasing. (One should know that much of the weight of a fish with a big stomach is the innards, which people do not eat.)

Open Ended

How much food can you put on an animal that you rented for a journey? How much food can the owner of the animal put on for your journey?

Open Ended

Why is there a difference in halacha between the renter and the owner for how much food you can put on the animal?

Open Ended

A-What is the halacha if you rent an animal for a man? Can a woman ride it?

B-What if you rent it for a woman? Can a man ride it?

80A

מַתְנ: הַשּׂוֹכֵר אֶת הַפָּרָה לַחֲרוֹשׁ בַּהַר, וְחָרַשׁ בַּבִּקְעָה, אִם נִשְׁבַּר הַקַּנְקַן, פָּטוּר; בַּבִּקְעָה וְחָרַשׁ בַּהַר, אִם נִשְׁבַּר הַקַּנְקַן, חַיָּיב. לָדוּשׁ בַּקִּטְנִית וְדָשׁ בַּתְּבוּאָה, פָּטוּר. לָדוּשׁ בַּתְּבוּאָה וְדָשׁ בַּקִּטְנִית, חַיָּיב. מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהַקִּטְנִית מַחְלֶקֶת.                 גְּמָרָא: הֵיכָא דְּלָא שַׁנֵּי בַהּ, מַאן מְשַׁלֵּם? אֲמַר רַב פַּפָּא: דְּנָקֵיט פְּרָשָׁא מְשַׁלֵּם. רַב שֵׁישָׁא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב אִידִי אֲמַר: דְּנָקֵיט מָנָא מְשַׁלֵּם וְהִלְכְתָא, דְּנָקֵיט מָנָא מְשַׁלֵּם, וְאִי דּוּכְתָּא דְּמַחְזְקָא גּוּנְדְּרִי, תַּרְוַיְיהוּ מְשַׁלְּמִין.

Mishnah): If Reuven rented a cow to plow on the mountain, and he plowed in the valley, and the blade of the plow broke, he is
exempt;If he rented it to plow in the valley, and he plowed on the mountain and the blade broke, he is liable.If he rented it to
thresh beans, and he threshed grain, he is exempt. If he rented it to thresh grain and he threshed beans, he is liable, for beans
are slippery.

(Gemara) Question: If he did not deviate, which of the workers pays?

Answer #1 (Rav Papa): The one holding the plow handle pays (he should have led it straight).

Answer #2 (Rav Shisha brei d'Rav Idi): The one holding the blade pays (he inserted it too deeply in the ground).

The Halachah follows Rav Shisha;

If it is known that it was a rocky area, they both pay (Rashi - either may have caused it to break; Tosfos - both were negligent).

Open Ended

What's the halacha if you had an agreement to rent a cow to plow in the mountains and you used it in the valley and it breaks? What if it's the opposite?

אֲמַר רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן: הַמּוֹכֵר פָּרָה לַחֲבֵירוֹ וְאָמַר לוֹ: ״פָּרָה זוֹ נַגְחָנִית הִיא, נַשְׁכָנִית הִיא, בַּעְטָנִית הִיא, רַבְצָנִית הִיא״, וְהָיָה בָהּ מוּם אֶחָד וּסְנָפוֹ בֵּין הַמּוּמִין, הֲרֵי זֶה מִקַּח טָעוּת; ״מוּם זֶה וּמוּם אַחֵר״, אֵין זֶה מִקַּח טָעוּת. 

(R. Yochanan): If Reuven sold a cow to Shimon, and said that it gores, bites, kicks, and crouches, and only one of these was true, this is a mistaken sale. (Since Shimon saw that the others were false, he assumed that Reuven is merely saying these so Shimon can have no complaints);

If he mentioned the defect and another defect that is not true, the sale stands.

תַּנְיָא נַמֵי הָכִי: הַמּוֹכֵר שִׁפְחָה לַחֲבֵירוֹ וְאָמַר לוֹ: ״שִׁפְחָה זוֹ שׁוֹטָה הִיא, נִיכְפֵּית הִיא, מְשׁוּעְמֶמֶת הִיא״, וְהָיָה בָהּ מוּם אֶחָד וּסְנָפוֹ בֵּין הַמּוּמִין, הֲרֵי זֶה מִקַּח טָעוּת; ״מוּם זֶה וּמוּם אַחֵר״, אֵין זֶה מִקַּח טָעוּת. 

Support (Beraisa): Reuven sold a slave to Shimon, saying she is a lunatic, epileptic, crazy - if only one of them was true, this is a mistaken sale;

If he mentioned the defect and another defect which is not true, the sale stands.

אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב אֲחָא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרָבָא לְרַב אָשֵׁי: הָיוּ בָהּ כָּל הַמּוּמִין הַלָּלוּ מַהוּ? אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב מָרְדֳּכַי לְרַב אָשֵׁי: הָכִי אָמְרִינַן מִשְּׁמֵיהּ דְּרָבָא: הָיוּ בָהּ כָּל הַמּוּמִין הַלָּלוּ, אֵין זֶה מִקַּח טָעוּת.

Question (Rav Acha brei d'Rava): If it had all the defects, what is the law?

Answer (Rav Mordechai): Rava taught that the sale stands.

Open Ended

In what case do we consider a sale to be invalid (because of misinformation) depspite the owner mentioning the defects of the item?

​מַתְנִיתִין: הַשּׂוֹכֵר אֶת הַחֲמוֹר לְהָבִיא עָלֶיהָ חִטִּין, וְהֵבִיא עָלֶיהָ שְׂעוֹרִין, חַיָּיב; תְּבוּאָה, וְהֵבִיא עָלֶיהָ תֶּבֶן, חַיָּיב, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהַנֶּפַח קָשֶׁה כַּמַּשּׂאוֹי; לְהָבִיא לֶתֶךְ חִטִּין, וְהֵבִיא לֶתֶךְ שְׂעוֹרִין, פָּטוּר. וְאִם מוֹסִיף עַל מַשָּׂאוֹ, חַיָּיב. וְכַמָּה יוֹסִיף עַל מַשָּׂאוֹ וִיהֵא חַיָּיב? סוּמָכוֹס אוֹמֵר מִשּׁוּם רִבִּי מֵאִיר: סְאָה לַגָּמָל, שְׁלֹשָׁה קַבִּין לַחֲמוֹר.

(Mishnah): If Reuven rented a donkey to bring wheat on it and he brought barley (of the same weight) he is liable (for any damage), for (added) volume is difficult k'Masa'uy (like added load, i.e. weight);       The same applies if he said that he would bring grain, and he brought straw.      If he said he would bring a Lesech (15 Sa'im) of wheat and he brought a Lesech of barley, he is exempt;   If he brought a larger volume, he is liable.

Question: How much must he add to be liable?

Answer (Sumchus): If he adds one Se'ah on a camel, or three Kavim (half a Se'ah) on a donkey, he is liable.

Open Ended

If you agreed to put 5 pounds of one type of food on a rented animal, but you switch it and put on 5 pounds of a different type of food, and it gets injured. Are you chayav? What does it depend on?

​מָרָא: אִיתְּמַר: אַבַּיֵי אָמַר: ״קָשֶׁה כַּמַּשּׂאוֹי״ תְּנַן. רָבָא אָמַר: ״קָשֶׁה לַמַּשּׂאוֹי״ תְּנַן. אַבַּיֵי אָמַר: ״קָשֶׁה כַּמַּשּׂאוֹי״ תְּנַן, נִפְחָא כִּי תִּקְלָא, וְאִי מוֹסִיף שְׁלֹשָׁה קַבִּין, חַיָּיב. רָבָא אָמַר: ״קָשֶׁה לַמַּשּׂאוֹי״ תְּנַן, תִּקְלָא כִּי תִּקְלָא, וְנִפְחָא הָוֵי תּוֹסֶפֶת.

Gemara - Abaye): The Mishnah says that added volume is difficult k'Masa'uy (like added weight);

(Rava): It says that volume is difficult l'Masa'uy (for the load).

According to Abaye, volume is like weight. He is chayav for three extra Kavim, even if the weight is less;

According to Rava, volume is difficult for the load. He is chayav for three extra Kavim if the weight is the same.

Open Ended

Explain the Machlokes between Abaye and Rava in your own words

תְּנַן: לְהָבִיא לֶתֶךְ חִטִּין, וְהֵבִיא לֶתֶךְ שְׂעוֹרִין, פָּטוּר; וְאִם הוֹסִיף עַל מַשָּׂאוֹ, חַיָּיב. מַאי, לָאו שְׁלֹשֶׁת קַבִּין?לָא, סְאָה.
וְהָא עַלַהּ קָתָנֵי: וְכַמָּה יוֹסִיף עַל מַשָּׂאוֹ וִיהֵא חַיָּיב? סוּמָכוֹס אוֹמֵר מִשּׁוּם רִבִּי מֵאִיר: סְאָה לַגָּמָל, שְׁלֹשָׁה קַבִּין לַחֲמוֹר .הָכִי קָאָמַר: הֵיכָא דְּלָא שַׁנֵּי. חִטִּין, וְהֵבִיא חִטִּין, שְׂעוֹרִין, וְהֵבִיא שְׂעוֹרִין, כַּמָּה יוֹסִיף עַל מַשָּׂאוֹ וִיהֵא חַיָּיב? סוּמָכוֹס אוֹמֵר מִשּׁוּם רִבִּי מֵאִיר: סְאָה לַגָּמָל, שְׁלֹשָׁה קַבִּין לַחֲמוֹר.

Question (against Rava - Mishnah): If he said he would bring a Lesech of wheat and he brought a Lesech of barley, he is patur. If he brought a larger volume, he is chayav.

Suggestion: He is chayav if he added three Kavim (even though the entire load weighs less than what he said)!

Answer: No, he is chayav if he added a Se'ah (together, a Lesech and a Se'ah of barley weigh as much as a Lesech of wheat).

Question (Seifa): How much must he add to be chayav? Sumchus says, one Se'ah on a camel, or three Kavim on a donkey.

Answer: It means, if he brought as much wheat (or barley) as he said, he is liable for adding one Se'ah on a camel, or three Kavim on a donkey.

Multiple Choice

According to Abaye, if I add more volume but less weight, what is the halacha?

• Chayav to pay

• Patur from paying

• chayav to pay half

• We don't know what he would say

Multiple Choice

According to Rava, if I add more volume, but less weight, what's the halacha?

• Chavay to pay

• Patur from paying

• pay half

• we don't know what he would say

תָּא שְׁמַע: לְהָבִיא לֶתֶךְ חִטִּין, וְהֵבִיא
שֵׁשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה שְׂעוֹרִים, חַיָּיב. הָא שְׁלֹשֶׁת קַבִּין פָּטוּר! תִּרְגְּמַהּ אַבַּיֵי: בִּמְחִיקָתָא.

Question (against Abaye - Beraisa): If he said that he would bring a Lesech (15 Sa'im) of wheat and he brought 16 Sa'im of barley (same weight), he is liable;
Inference: He is not liable for an extra half Se'ah (even though it's more volume- bec. its less weight)!
Answer (Abaye): The Beraisa discusses 16 Sa'im that were leveled off (this equals 15 and a half Sa'im unleveled) so it was really less weight and you're still chayav.

Multiple Choice

What was the question on Abaye from the Bereisa?

• The inference from the Bereisa is that you're only chayav if you add more when there's a lot more volume

• The inference from the Bereisa is that you're only patur if there is less volume

• The inference from the Bereisa is that you're only patur if you add more volume if its less weight

• The inference from the Bereisa is that you're only chayav if volume when it's the same weight

Multiple Choice

How do we answer the question on Abaye?

• By saying that the case of the Bereisa being chayav was when it was less weight

• By saying that the case of the Bereisa being chayav was when it was more weight

• By saying that the case of the Bereisa being chayav was when it was less volume

• By saying that the case of the Bereisa being chayav was when it was more volume

. תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: קַב לַכַּתָּף, אַדְרִיב לַעֲרֵיבָה, כּוֹר לַסְּפִינָה, שְׁלֹשֶׁת כּוֹרִים לִבּוּרְנֵי גְּדוֹלָה.
אֲמַר מָר: ״קַב לַכַּתָּף״, אִם אִיתָא דְּלָא מָצֵי בֵּיהּ, בַּר דַּעַת הוּא, לִשְׁדְּיֵהּ! אֲמַר אַבַּיֵי: בְּשֶׁחֲבָטוֹ לְאַלְתָּר. רָבָא אָמַר: אֲפִילּוּ תֵּימָא בְּשֶׁלֹּא חֲבָטוֹ לְאַלְתָּר, לָא צְרִיכָא, אֵלָּא לְאַגְרָא יַתִּירָא. רַב אָשֵׁי אָמַר: ^גהוּא סָבוּר חוּלְשָׁא הוּא דְּנָקֵיט לֵיהּ.

(Beraisa): The quantities of overloading are a Kav onto the load on a person, a Lesech on a small ship, a Kor (30 Sa'im) on a normal ship, and three Korim on a large ship.

Question: A person should know if he is overloaded, and take off the extra!

Answer #1 (Abaye): The case is, he fell before he had time to take it off.

Answer #2 (Rava): The Beraisa teaches that one who overloads this amount must pay extra.

Answer #3 (Rav Ashi): The carrier did not know that he was overloaded. He attributed his pain to weakness.

Multiple Choice

What question did the Gemara ask on the Bereisa above?

• Why didn't can't the worker lift more weight?

• Why don't we let the worker tell us when it's too much weight?

• How much you have to pay for damaging a boat?

• There's a contradiction between how much weight a boat can hold

Multiple Choice

Which was NOT an answer that the Gemara gave to the question?

• He collapsed before he could tell us

• He thinks he can handle the weight

• It's showing that you must pay extra for the weight even if he could handle it

• The weight can change from minute to minute

​(Beraisa): The quantity is a Kor on a normal ship. 30 Kor on a large ship

(Rav Papa): We learn that a normal ship should be able to carry 30 Korim.

This is pertinent to commerce.

​כּוֹר לַסְּפִינָה, שְׁלֹשֶׁת כּוֹרִין לִבּוּרְנֵי גְּדוֹלָה. אֲמַר רַב פַּפָּא: שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ סְתָם סְפִינוֹת בַּת תְּלָתִין כּוֹרִין, לְמַאי נָפְקָא מִינַּהּ? לְמִקַּח וּמִמְכָּר.

​(Mishnah): All craftsmen are paid Shomrim.

Anyone who told the owner 'take your item and pay' is a Shomer Chinam.

If Reuven told Shimon 'guard for me and I will guard for you', he is a Shomer Sachar.

If Reuven told Shimon 'guard this for me', and Shimon said 'leave it in front of me', he is a Shomer Chinam.

If Reuven lent Shimon and took a security, he is a Shomer Sachar on the security (Rashi: Schar mitzva);

R. Yehudah distinguishes: he is a Shomer Chinam if he lent to him money, and he is a Shomer Sachar if he lent him to produce (for then he benefits; he is spared losses due to rotting).

Aba Sha'ul says, a lender can rent out an Ani's security and deduct the money from the loan - this is like returning an Aveidah.

.​מַתְנִיתִין: כָּל הָאוּמָּנִין שׁוֹמְרֵי שָׂכָר הֵן, וְכוּלָּן שֶׁאָמְרוּ ״טוֹל אֶת שֶׁלָּךְ וְהָבֵא מָעוֹת״, שׁוֹמֵר חִנָּם;
הִלְוָהוּ עַל הַמַּשְׁכּוֹן, שׁוֹמֵר שָׂכָר. רִבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: הִלְוָהוּ מָעוֹת, שׁוֹמֵר חִנָּם; הִלְוָהוּ פֵּירוֹת, שׁוֹמֵר שָׂכָר. אַבָּא שָׁאוּל אוֹמֵר: רַשַּׁאי אָדָם לְהַשְׂכִּיר מַשְׁכּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עָנִי, לִהְיוֹת פּוֹסֵק וְהוֹלֵךְ עָלָיו, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא כְּמֵשִׁיב אֲבֵידָה. ״שְׁמוֹר לִי וְאֶשְׁמוֹר לָךְ״, שׁוֹמֵר שָׂכָר; ״שְׁמוֹר לִי״, וְאָמַר לוֹ ״הַנַּח לְפָנַי״, שׁוֹמֵר חִנָּם.

​Shomer Chinam Vs. Shomer Sachar

Multiple Choice

What Halacha does the Mishna teach us about a craftsman?

• It is not advisable to pay him with fruits

• He must be paid for his work on yhe day he completes it

• He is a shomer sachar on the item that he is watching

• He is a shomer chinam on the item that he is watching

Multiple Choice

In which case do the Tana Kama and Rebbe Yehuda argue in the Mishna?

• The status of someone who lends money and watches a Mashkon

• The status of someone who lends fruits and watches a Mashkon

• If you can rent out someone's mashkon

• The status of a craftsman after he completes his work

לֵימַא מַתְנִיתִין דְּלָא כְּרִבִּי מֵאִיר! דְּתַנְיָא: שׂוֹכֵר כֵּיצַד מְשַׁלֵּם? רִבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר: כְּשׁוֹמֵר חִנָּם; רִבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: ^ככְּשׁוֹמֵר שָׂכָר. אֲפִילּוּ תֵּימָא רִבִּי מֵאִיר, בְּהָהִיא הֲנָאָה דְּקָא שָׁבֵיק כּוּלֵּי עָלְמָא וַאֲגִיר לֵיהּ לְדִידֵיהּ, הָוֵי עִילָּוֵיהּ שׁוֹמֵר שָׂכָר. אִי הָכִי, שׂוֹכֵר נַמֵי, בְּהָהִיא הֲנָאָה דְּקָא שָׁבֵיק כּוּלֵּי עָלְמָא וּמוֹגַר לֵיהּ לְדִידֵיהּ, הָוֵי עִילָּוֵיהּ שׁוֹמֵר שָׂכָר!

(Gemara) Suggestion: Our Mishnah is unlike R. Meir. (A craftsman is like a renter, for he benefits the owner and also he benefits (employment) from the object, and the Mishnah says that he is a Shomer Sachar).

(Beraisa - R. Meir): A renter is liable like a Shomer Chinam;

R. Yehudah says, he is liable like a Shomer Sachar.

Rejection #1: The Mishnah is even according to R. Meir. A craftsman is a Shomer Sachar because he is happy that the owner chose to hire him.

Objection: If so, a renter should also be a Shomer Sachar, for he is happy that the owner chose to rent to him!

Multiple Choice

In what way does the Gemara feel that a craftsman is similar to a renter?

• In both cases you only have it for a limited time

• In both cases it requires an extra skill

• in both cases, both the owner and the one who is watching it gets benefit

• In both cases you don't own the object

Multiple Choice

Why does the Gemara feel that R' Meir doesn't fit with the Mishna?

• The Mishna says a craftsman is like a shomer sachar and R' Meir says a renter is like a shomer chinam

• The Mishna says a craftsman is like a shomer chinam and R' Meir says a renter is like a shomer sachar

• The Mishna says a renter is like a shomer sachar and R' Meir says a renter is like a shomer chinam

• The Mishna says a renter is like a shomer chinam and R' Meir says a renter is like a shomer sachar

​Rejection #2: The Mishnah is even like R. Meir. A craftsman is a Shomer Sachar because he is happy that the owner gave him a bit more than the usual wage.

Objection: If so, a renter should also be a Shomer Sachar, when the owner rented to him for a bit less than usual!

Rejection #3: The Mishnah is even like R. Meir. A craftsman is a Shomer Sachar because he benefits from having the object to be security for his wages.

Rejection #4: The Mishnah is like R. Meir and unlike R. Yehudah, according to Rabah bar Avuha's text of the Beraisa;

(Rabah bar Avuha - Beraisa - R. Meir): A renter is liable like a Shomer Sachar;

R. Yehudah says, he is liable like a Shomer Chinam.

​אֵלָּא, אֲפִילּוּ תֵּימָא רִבִּי מֵאִיר, בְּהָהִיא הֲנָאָה דְּקָא יָהֵיב לֵיהּ טְפֵי פּוּרְתָא, הָוֵי עִילָּוֵיהּ שׁוֹמֵר שָׂכָר.
שׂוֹכֵר נַמֵי מִי לָא עָסְקִינַן דְּקָא מְשַׁוֵּי לֵיהּ טְפֵי פּוּרְתָא! אֵלָּא, אֲפִילּוּ תֵּימָא רִבִּי מֵאִיר, בְּהָהִיא הֲנָאָה דְּתָפֵישׂ לֵיהּ אַאַגְרֵיהּ, דְּלָא בָעֵי לְמֵיעַל וּלְמִיפַּק אַזּוּזֵי, הָוֵי עֲלֵיהּ שׁוֹמֵר שָׂכָר.
אִיבָעֵית, אֵימָא: כִּדְמַחֲלִיף רַבָּה בַּר אֲבוּהּ וְתָנֵי: שׂוֹכֵר כֵּיצַד מְשַׁלֵּם? רִבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר: כְּשׁוֹמֵר שָׂכָר; רִבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: כְּשׁוֹמֵר חִנָּם.

Multiple Choice

What was the 2nd attempt of the Gemara to fit R' Meir with the Mishna?

• He agrees that a craftsman is a shomer sachar because he enjoys his work

• He agrees that a craftsman is a shomer sachar because he feels trusted

• He agrees that a craftsman is a shomer sachar because he agreed to pay him his price

• He agrees that a craftsman is a shomer sachar because he feels good to be an expert

Multiple Choice

What was the 3rd attempt to say that the Mishna could fit with R' Meir's opinion?

• He agrees that a craftsman is a shomer sachar because he also gets to hold onto the item as security

• He agrees that a craftsman is a shomer sachar because he gets a high wage

• He agrees that a craftsman is a shomer sachar because he feels trusted

• He agrees that a craftsman is a shomer sachar because he's like a renter

Multiple Choice

What does Rabah bar Avuha say that's different from what we've been saying up until now?

• He switches the opinions of R' Meir and R' Yehuda about the status of a Socher

• He switches the opinions of R' Meir and R' Yehuda about the status of a Shomer Sachar

• He switches the opinions of R' Meir and R' Yehuda about the status of a Shomer Chinam

• He switches the opinions of R' Meir and R' Yehuda about the status of a Shoel

​

(Mishnah): Anyone who told the owner 'take your item and pay' is a Shomer Chinam.

(Mishnah): If Reuven told Shimon 'send your animal (for me to borrow)' and it died on the way, Reuven is liable; Similarly, if Reuven sent it back and it died on the way, he is liable.

(Rafram bar Papa): This is only if he returned it within the time he borrowed it for. After this, he is exempt.

​וְכוּלָּן שֶׁאָמְרוּ ״טוֹל אֶת שֶׁלָּךְ וְהָבֵא מָעוֹת״, שׁוֹמֵר חִנָּם. תְּנַן הָתָם: אָמַר לוֹ שׁוֹאֵל ״שְׁלַח״, וּשְׁלָחָהּ וּמֵתָה, חַיָּיב, וְכֵן בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁמַּחֲזִירָהּ.

Multiple Choice

If you send an animal to somone's house to borrow, and it dies on the way, does the borrower have to pay for it?

• Yes

• If he said to send it, he is chayav, if he didn't say to send it, he is patur

• If he said to send it, he is patur, if he didn't say to send it, he is chayav

• No