DNA Profiling

DNA Profiling

​Use this to review for an upcoming quiz

Multiple Choice

The purpose of DNA profiling is

• to determine a person(s) identity

• to assist investigators

• to help anthropologist

Multiple Choice

Is DNA class or individual evidence?

• Class

• Individual

Multiple Choice

DNA is found in

• blood

• saliva

• skin

• all answers

Multiple Choice

Mitochrondrial DNA is inherited from the

• father

• mother

Multiple Choice

Who has the same DNA?

• Everyone in a family

• Only identical twins

• All brothers and sisters

• Any type of twins

Multiple Choice

An alternate form of a gene is

• a base

• an allele

• DNA

• RNA

DNA

• a double helix structure (like a twisted ladder)

• large molecule made of smaller molecules

• each smaller molecule is a nucleotide

Each nucleotide consists of

• a phosphate group

• a deoxyribose sugar group

• 1 nitrogen base

Multiple Choice

Adenine pairs with

• thymine

• cytosine

• guanine

• adenine

• a phosphate group

• a deoxyribose sugar group

• 1 nitrogen base

​​A nucleotide

Four nitrogen bases (form genetic code)

• adenine (A), thymine (T)
  guanine (G), cytosine (C)

• A pairs with T

• G pairs with C

​​Nitrogen bases in DNA

DNA sequence

• Nitrogen base-pairing
  A pairs with T and C pairs with G
  
  Example DNA sequence with its matching pairs
  AGTT CAAT GCTA GCTA TGGA TAAG
  TCAA GTTA CGAT CGAT ACCT ATTC

Multiple Choice

What is the matching sequence for the following DNA sequence?

TTAG GAAT TATC

• ATTC CATA ATAG

• ATTC CTAA ATAG

• AATC GTTA TAAG

• AATC CTTA ATAG

Multiple Choice

Avoiding contamination of evidence, one should do all of the following except

• wear gloves

• avoid sneezing

• store wet samples in a paper bag

• use disposable instruments

Multiple Choice

The basic steps of DNA fingerprinting or profiling is extraction, amplification, and electrophoresis.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is the amplification or copying of DNA.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

Smaller DNA segments move faster and further than larger DNA segments in electrophoresis.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

A child will inherit half of its genes from each parent.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

If the mother's alleles in a locus are (10,12) and the father's are (13,14), which of the following would NOT be possible for any of their children?

• (10,13)

• (12,14)

• (13,14)

• (12,13)

STR

• are short, repeated bases within a piece of DNA

• has fewer than 50 bases

Each STR

• has two to six bases that repeat one after the other

• example

  • AGTCCA GAAT GAAT GAAT GAAT TAGGAC

  • The STR is GAAT which repeats 4 times

  • The flanking sequence are the bases on either side of the STR

Multiple Choice

What is the STR in the following DNA segment?

• AGTCCA TCAG TCAG TCAG TCAG TCAG TAGGAC

• GAAT

• TAGG

• AGTC

• TCAG

Multiple Choice

How many times is the STR repeating in the following DNA segment?

• AGTCCA TCAG TCAG TCAG TCAG TCAG TAGGAC

• 3

• 4

• 5

• 6

Multiple Choice

mtDNA comes from both parents.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

CODIS is an electronic database of DNA profiles that is used

to compare a suspect's DNA profile.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What is the probability of getting a DNA match in CODIS?

• 1 in 5

• 1 in 1,000

• 1 in a million

• 1 in a quadrillion

Multiple Choice

Which suspect matches the crime scene?

• Suspect 1

• Suspect 2

• Suspect 3