DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis Lesson

Process of making a, hopefully, identical copy of DNA.

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​What is DNA Replication

DNA replication happens where DNA is, which is in the nucleus of a cell. Unless that cell is a prokaryote, which does not have a nucleus.

Where: Nucleus

Interphase is the phase of cell life that occurs before mitosis (cell replication) begins, and this is the time that DNA replicates.

When: Interphase

​When and Where?

The purpose of DNA replication is to make an identical strand of DNA to prepare for cell division. This way each new cell has an identical copy of DNA.

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​Purpose

Drag and Drop

DNA replication occurs during ​

Placeholder

.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

interphase

metaphase

telophase

anaphase

prophase

Match

Pair the following using the Base Pairing Rule

• A

• C

• T

• G

T

G

A

C

• T

• G

• A

• C

• ​In order to make a protein, cells must first make RNA from DNA

• DNA contains the genetic information needed to make all of our proteins, and that RNA is a messenger that carries this information to the ribosomes

Multiple Choice

Which nucleic acid is a temporary usable copy of the genetic code?

• DNA

• RNA

• DNA + RNA

Multiple Choice

Which type of RNA transfers amino acids?

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

Multiple Choice

Which type of RNA are ribosomes made of and reads the mRNA?

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

Multiple Choice

Which type of RNA is a copy of the DNA “code” instructions for building proteins?

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

Multiple Choice

Base Pairing in DNA G pairs with C and A pairs with T, BUT in RNA G pairs with C and A pairs with

• G

• C

• A

• T

• U

Step 1: Transcription

DNA -> RNA

• The process of copyingthe sequence of one strand of DNA, the

  template strand

• mRNA copies the template strand​​

• This process occurs in the nucleus ​

• mRNA is complementary to DNA (not an exact copy)​

Step 2: Translation

RNA -> Protein

• Translation is the process of decoding the mRNA into a protein

• Ribosomes read mRNA three bases or 1 codon at a time and construct the proteins​

• tRNA brings the correct amino acid as coded for in the mRNA​

• ​Occurs in the cytoplasm at the ribosome

Multiple Choice

What amino acid is coded for by the RNA sequence below?

AGG

• Gly

• Leu

• Arg

• Val

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows the base sequence of a strand of DNA.
From left to right, what is the sequence of the complementary strand of DNA in this molecule?

• T G A A C
• A C T  T G
• T G U U C
• U C T T G

Multiple Choice

TRANSCRIBE this DNA sequence: TACGTTACT

• AUGCAAUGA

• ATGCAATGA

• AUGGATUGA

• TACGTTACT

Fill in the Blanks

Match

Match the amino acid with the following codons.

• GGG

• AAG

• UUU

• AUC

• CGU

Glycine

Lysine

Phenylalanine

Isoleucine

Arginine

• Glycine

• Lysine

• Phenylalanine

• Isoleucine

• Arginine