The Cell, Organization, and Homeostasis

Levels of

Organization

Levels of Organization

Non-living

Living

Simple

Complex

Biomolecule

Life begins! →

INCREASING COMPLEXITY

DECREASING COMPLEXITY

ATOM

A basic unit of matter consisting of protons, neutrons, and
electrons.

Example: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur

BIOMOLECULES

These are molecules composed of protons neutrons and electrons
that are made for living organism.Organisms are made up of organic
and inorganic molecules.

Examples:

Organic molecules: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acid

Inorganic molecules: Carbon dioxide and water

CARBOHYDRATES

PROTEINS

LIPIDS

NUCLEIC ACIDS

ORGANELLES

Any number of organized structures within a living cell.
Ex. mitochondria, chloroplast and nucleus

The basic unit of life.

CELL

TISSUE

Specialized cells working together to perform a specific function.

Animal Tissue

Plant Tissue

ORGAN

A group of tissues working together to perform a specific
function.

PLANT ORGANS

A group of organs working together to perform a specific
function.

ORGAN SYSTEM

ORGANISM

An individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.

POPULATION

A group of plants, animals, or living organisms of the
same species.

COMMUNITY

A group of plants or animals living in the same place.

A biological community of interacting organisms which
include the biotic and abiotic factors.

ECOSYSTEM

BIOME

An ecosystem of plants and animals that have common
characteristics for the environment they live in.

The life supporting stratum extending from the atmosphere to
the deep sea vents of the oceans.

BIOSPHERE

Multiple Choice

Which of the following correctly displays the levels of organization from smallest to largest?

• Atom, Molecule, Organ, Organelle, Organ System

• Organ, Organ System, Population, Organism, Community

• Cell, Tissue, Organelle, Organ, Organ System

• Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome

Multiple Choice

Which level of biological organization is shown in this image?

• Ecosystem

• Organism

• Cells

• Organelles

Homeostasis

Homeostasis is maintained by negative feedback (stay by target) loops and positive feedback (go beyond target) loops 

Receptors: Detect stimulus

Effector: Change

Feedback Loops

• Regulation of a stable internal environment in our bodies.

• Positive Feedback: Blood clotting, childbirth, digestion, nerve signals (End products of an action cause) (away from the target)

• Negative Feedback: (sugar in blood) triggers insulin to be release to remove glucose from blood) (inhibit action from continuing) (stay by the target)

Homeostasis: Thermoregulation

• Thermoregulation is a process that allows your body to maintain its core internal temperature

• Heat can be exchanged between an animal and its environment through four mechanisms: radiation, evaporation, convection, and conduction

• 
  

Multiple Choice

The name for a chemical made by glands that tell cells to make something or respond in some way.

• acid
• enzyme
• perspiration
• hormone

Multiple Choice

The "effect" of a given stimulus is the...

• response
• stimulus
• cause
• result

Multiple Choice

The "cause" for something to happen is the

• response
• effect
• stimulus
• homeostasis

Multiple Choice

Maintaining body temperature is an example of a:

• negative feedback loop
• positive feedback loop

Multiple Choice

The two types of feedback systems that help organisms maintain homeostasis are:

• positive and negative 
• receptor and effector
• static and dynamic
• minor and major

Multiple Choice

Failure to maintain homeostasis could result in:

• lack of internal balance
• eventual death
• difficulty carrying on metabolism 
• all three

Multiple Choice

According to the feedback loop, what does high blood sugar promote?

• Insulin Release

• Glucagon Release

• Insulin Uptake

• Glycogen Uptake

Multiple Choice

In this body temperature feedback loop, predict what would happen if cooling mechanisms were NOT activated?

• The body would not warm up.

• The body would not cool down.

• Your body would get colder and colder.

• Your body would release lots of heat.

Multiple Choice

A feedback loop best fits which characteristic of life?

• Cells

• Organization

• Homeostasis

• Adaptation

Multiple Choice

which of the factors not affecting the internal environment?

• Temperature
• Respiration
• pH value
• Osmotic pressure

Multiple Choice

Homeostasis

• allows for a wildly fluctuating internal environment

• is impossible in vertebrates

• is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation

Multiple Choice

What is involuntary contractions of voluntary muscles to warm up?

• Shivering
• Sweating
• Vasodilation
• Vasoconstriction

Multiple Choice

What is a disease where sufferers cannot control their blood glucose levels?

• Diabetes
• Influenza
• Cholera
• Cystic fibrosis

Multiple Choice

Which body system controls the body to maintain homeostasis?

• excretory

• nervous

• circulatory

• skeletal