Writing a Speech

Principles of Effective Speech Writing

by Ranilla Laxamana

​Q2-WEEKS 4-5 MELC

​Uses principles of effective speech writing focusing on:

• Audience profile

• Logical organization

• Duration

• Word choice

• Grammatical correctness

​Please tell me whether the following statement is TRUE or FALSE about formal speech writing

Multiple Choice

1. I should consider my audience’s age, interest and gender when writing my speech.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

2. I should use impressive words so that my audience will be amazed.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

3. I should research on what my audience know about the topic.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

4. I should use jargon in my speech to make it more reliable.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

5. I should use varied methods to make my topic more organized.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

6. I should never consider the length of my speech.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

7. I should consider my audience’s attention span in writing my speech.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

8. I should use catchy starter to get my audience’s attention.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

9. I should edit my work only because of grammatical errors.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

10. I should never ask someone to proofread or comment on my speech.

• TRUE

• FALSE

​PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE SPEECH WRITING

​​Audience Profile

​

• ​Who is the audience?

• How many?

• What does the audience know about the subject?

• Why should they be interested? Audience Analysis

  Age Bracket

  Gender

  Educational Background

  Place of Residence (city, town, province)

  Marital Status

  Language spoken

• Religious Affiliations/Beliefs

​PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE SPEECH WRITING

Logical Organization

• The written speech has three parts: the introduction, body and conclusion.

• introduction- presents the main idea of your speech

• conclusion-reiterates the main idea

• body- offers definitions, examples, or any information that can help you convey your intent and clarify the main concept of your speech

​PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE SPEECH WRITING

Logical Organization

​The Introduction

• the most crucial part of the speech

• It is generally only 10 to 15 percent of the time the speaker spends speaking.

• According to Wrench (2012), a good introduction serves five functions:

(1) you should be able to gain audience attention and interest

(2) it states the purpose of your speech

(3) it establishes your credibility

(4) it should provide reasons for your audience to listen and

(5) your introduction should preview the main idea of your speech.

​PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE SPEECH WRITING

Logical Organization

​The Body

• the core part of the speech that addresses the main ideas and principles of the speech.

• It consists of the main points.

• This is presented using methods of organization (Flores 2016).

1. Problem-Solution Order- It explains the problem and suggests a possible solution.

2. ​Categorical/Topical Order- It divides the topic into subtopics based on the importance or interest value or simply because the topic requires it.

3. ​Chronological Order - A historical or time approach which is from the past to the present. It presents idea in time order.

4. ​Comparison and Contrast Order- It presents comparison and contrast of two or three points.

5. Spatial/Geographical Order- Going from one place to another, from one direction to another​

6. ​Causal Order- It involves a discussion of both cause and effect of an issue.

​PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE SPEECH WRITING

Logical Organization

​The Body

​use transitional devices:

Addition

Again, also, and, and then, besides, equally important, further, furthermore, in addition, in the first place, moreover

Comparison

Also, in the same way, likewise, similarly

Contrast

Although, yet, but, despite that even so, even though, for all that, however, in contrast, in spite of, instead, nevertheless, notwithstanding, on the contrary, on one hand-on the other hand, otherwise, regardless, still, though

Emphasis

certainly, indeed, in fact, of course

Example or Illustration

as an illustration, for example, for instance, namely, specifically, that is, to illustrate

Summary or Conclusion

all in all, altogether, as has been said, finally, in brief, in conclusion, in short, in simpler terms, in summary, on the whole, to summarize

Time Sequence

after a while, afterward, again, and then, as long as, at last, at length, at that time, before, earlier, eventually, finally, first, formerly, in the past, last, lately, meanwhile, next, now, presently, second, shortly, simultaneously, since, so far, soon, still, subsequently, then, thereafter, until, until now, when

​PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE SPEECH WRITING

Logical Organization

​The Conclusion

• ​The conclusion functions as the summarizer of the entire speech.

• The conclusion has to be written using different strategies (Tandoc, 2016).

 Present a summary

 Repeat the key ideas presented

 Repeat the central idea for emphasis

 Go back to the strategy used in the introduction

 Signal the end of your speech

 End with an impact

 Thought-provoking questions

 Humor

 Quotation

 A call for action

 A connection to a larger context

​

​PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE SPEECH WRITING

Duration

• ​No matter how long the speech is, always divide it into five parts: an introduction, the body (paragraph 2, paragraph 3, and paragraph 4) and a conclusion.

• Most experts say that the ideal length of speech is up to 20 minutes. (Gray-Grant, 2017).

• Introduction: 2 minutes (250 words)

• Body: Point 1: 5 minutes (625 words) Point 2: 5 minutes (625 words) Point 3: 5 minutes (625 words)

• Conclusion: 3 minutes (375 words) Total word count: 2,500 words (20 minutes)​

​PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE SPEECH WRITING

Word Choice

​The following words should be avoided in a written speech. (Tandoc, 2016)

a. Jargons or technical terms specific only for a group of people

b. Redundancy or excessive repetition of words

c. Language inappropriate for the audience

d. Language inappropriate for the occasion

Jargons are specific words or phrases used by a certain individual or group which are difficult for others to understand.

​

For example, the word idiopathic (which means unknown cause) and hyperventilate (rapid breathing) are jargons because they are technical terms in medical fields. The word affidavit (sworn) and circumstantial (specific details) are heard commonly in legal aspect or terms in in the field of Law. These words can be confusing if you are speaking in front of a general crowd or audience.

​PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE SPEECH WRITING

Grammatical Correctness

​

• ​Using correct grammar when you give a speech is important to prevent misunderstanding and misinterpretation between you and the audience.

• Good command of the language helps listeners understand you quickly.

• Grammar inconsistencies slow down the communication process and generate negative impressions for the audience, as your ideas and thoughts are not clear and coherently conveyed.

​Can you still remember the principles of speech writing?

​Identify the terms being referred to in the following statements.

Multiple Choice

1. It is one of the most important aspects in developing your speech because you can tailor-fit your speech content and delivery to your listeners.

• A. Duration

• B. Audience Profile

• C. Logical Organization

• D. Word Choice

• E. Grammatical Correctness

Multiple Choice

2. In speech writing, it can be defined as all aspects of your writing that help the reader move smoothly from one sentence to the next, and from one paragraph to another.

• A. Duration

• B. Audience Profile

• C. Logical Organization

• D. Word Choice

• E. Grammatical Correctness

Multiple Choice

3. It is the core part of the speech that offers definitions, examples, or any information that can help you convey your intent and clarify the main concept of your speech.

• A. Introduction

• B. Body

• C. Conclusion

• D. Word Choice

• E. Organization

Multiple Choice

4. Its first major aim is to gain the attention of your audience and to make them interested in what you have to say.

• A. Introduction

• B. Body

• C. Conclusion

• D. Word Choice

• E. Organization

Multiple Choice

5. It functions as the summarizer of the entire speech content.

• A. Introduction

• B. Body

• C. Conclusion

• D. Word Choice

• E. Organization

Multiple Choice

6. When dealing with speech duration, the average length of speech according to many experts is around____ minutes.

• A. 10

• B. 20

• C. 30

• D. 40

• E. 60

Multiple Choice

7. These terms should be avoided in writing a speech because these are intended only for a specific group of people and can never be understood by the general audience.

• A. Jargon or technical terms

• B. highfaluting words

• C. impressive words

• D. slang words

• E. informal words

Multiple Choice

8. It is a method in organizing a speech which presents idea in time order.

• A. Categorical order

• B. Problem-solution

• C. Chronological order

• D. Causal order

• E. spatial order

Multiple Choice

9. It is a method in organizing a speech which presents idea in CAUSE AND EFFECT order.

• A. Categorical order

• B. Problem-solution

• C. Chronological order

• D. Causal order

• E. spatial order

Multiple Choice

10. It is important to prevent misunderstandings and inconsistencies between you and the audience. Good command of the language helps listeners understand you quickly.

• A. Duration

• B. Audience Profile

• C. Logical Organization

• D. Word Choice

• E. Grammatical Correctness

Open Ended

Please write your takeaways from this lesson

WHAT I CAN DO AND ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY

​Please attach your output in the Quizizz link

​Failure to do so would not complete your Formative tasks

​let's assess your today's learning

​

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following components of speech writing requires you to look into the profile of your target audience?

• A. Audience Analysis

• B. Audience Evaluation

• C. Data Gathering

• D. Selecting a topic

Multiple Choice

2. Which of the following components of speech writing refers to all the aspects of your writing that help the reader move smoothly from one sentence to the next, and from one paragraph to another?

• A. Audience Analysis

• B. Logical Organization

• C. Data Gathering

• D. Sentence Construction

Multiple Choice

3. Which of the following is NOT part of the five functions of good introduction?

• A. Establish Credibility

• B. Gain Audience Attention and Interest

• C. Narrow down a topic

• D. State the Purpose of your Speech

Multiple Choice

4. Which of the following is NOT part of the common strategies in making conclusion?

• A. Present a summary

• B. Signal to end your speech

• C. Repeat central idea for emphasis

• D. Add another points to discuss.

Multiple Choice

5. Which of the following parts of your speech provides a definition, examples, or any details that can help you deliver the purpose and the main idea of your speech?

• A. Introduction

• B. Body of the Speech

• C. Conclusion

• D. Thesis statement

Multiple Choice

6. Which among the following question is NOT part of audience analysis?

• A. Who is the audience?

• B. What does the audience know about the subject?

• C. Why should they be interested?

• D. What is their health status?

Multiple Choice

7. Which statement is NOT true about the body of the speech?

• A. The most common number of key points is five.

• B. The body of the speech is the core part of the speech.

• C. If you have a long point in your speech, you will need to break that point into multiple points.

• D. If you have only one point in your speech, it will either be too short, or too complicated for the audience to understand.

Multiple Choice

8. Which of the following provides the correct logical arrangement of a speech?

I. Body II. Conclusion III. Introduction IV. Ending

• A. I, II, III and IV

• B. IV, III, II and I

• C. III, I, and II

• D. I, II and III

Multiple Choice

9. Which of the following methods of speech organization refers to historical or time approach (from past to the present) that presents ideas in time order?

• A. Casual Oder

• B. Chronological Order

• C. Comparison and Contrast

• D. Spatial/Geographical Order

Multiple Choice

10. Which of the following methods of speech organization involves a discussion of both cause and effect of an issue?

• A. Casual Oder

• B. Chronological Order

• C. Comparison and Contrast

• D. Spatial/Geographical Order

Multiple Choice

11. Which of the following methods of speech divides the topic into subtopics based on the importance or interest value or simply because the topic requires it?

• A. Categorical/ Topical Oder

• B. Chronological Order

• C. Comparison and Contrast

• D. Spatial/Geographical Order

Multiple Choice

12. Which of the following methods of speech requires the speaker to go from one place to another, from one direction to another?

• A. Categorical/ Topical Oder

• B. Chronological Order

• C. Comparison and Contrast

• D. Spatial/Geographical Order

Multiple Choice

13. Which of the following are transitional words for contradiction?

• A. Moreover

• B. However

• C. Furthermore

• D. Again

Multiple Choice

14. Which of the following should be avoided in a written speech?

• A. Jargons or technical terms specific only for a group of people

• B. Redundancy or excessive repetition of words

• C. Language inappropriate for the audience

• D. All of the above

Multiple Choice

15. Which of the following statements is NOT true about speech writing?

• A. Speech writing is a recursive process.

• B. Speech writing involves audience analysis.

• C. Speech writing should take into consideration grammatical correctness.

• D. Speech writing can be done without considering the time of delivery.

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​PLEASE REFER TO THE SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT IN YOUR GCLASSROOM

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