Cell Structure & Function

Multiple Choice

Who were the two scientists that proposed the Cell Theory?

• Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek

• Mathias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann

• Charles Darwin and Gregor Mendel

• Louis Pasteur and Joseph Lister

Open Ended

Why was the discovery of cells by Robert Hooke in 1665 significant for the field of biology?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a part of the cell theory?

• All organisms are composed of cells.

• Cells are the smallest living things.

• Cells arise only from pre-existing cells.

• Cells can spontaneously form from non-living matter.

Open Ended

Compare and contrast the genetic material location in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Use evidence from the slides to support your answer.

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells based on the slides?

• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, eukaryotic cells do not.

• Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus, eukaryotic cells have one.

• Prokaryotic cells have mitochondria, eukaryotic cells do not.

• Prokaryotic cells are always multicellular, eukaryotic cells are unicellular.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

• They possess genetic material in the nucleoid

• They have membrane-bound organelles

• They have a cell wall

• They contain ribosomes

Multiple Select

Which of the following structures can be found in prokaryotic cells?

• Nucleoid

• Plasma membrane

• Mitochondria

• Ribosomes

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial cell walls?

• Gram positive walls contain more peptidoglycan

• Gram negative walls lack a plasma membrane

• Gram positive walls lack peptidoglycan

• Gram negative walls are thicker than Gram positive walls

Open Ended

Explain the function of the flagellum in prokaryotic cells and describe how its structure enables this function.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a feature unique to eukaryotic cells compared to prokaryotic cells?

• Presence of a plasma membrane

• Possession of a membrane-bound nucleus

• Presence of ribosomes

• Possession of a cell wall

Multiple Choice

Which of the following structures is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

• Chloroplast

• Mitochondrion

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

Open Ended

Explain the role of the nuclear envelope in eukaryotic cells and describe its structure.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are functions of ribosomes in eukaryotic cells?

• Protein synthesis

• Lipid synthesis

• Composed of ribosomal RNA and proteins

• Found attached to internal membranes

Open Ended

Describe how the endomembrane system contributes to the compartmentalization of cellular functions in eukaryotic cells.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a component of the endomembrane system?

• Mitochondria

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Golgi apparatus

• Lysosomes

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?

• Synthesis of proteins to be secreted

• Detoxification of foreign substances

• Calcium storage

• Synthesis of membrane lipids

Multiple Select

Which of the following are functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

• Synthesis of membrane lipids

• Calcium storage

• Attachment of ribosomes

• Detoxification of foreign substances

Multiple Choice

What is the main structural difference between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum as shown in the diagram?

• Presence of ribosomes on RER

• Presence of ribosomes on SER

• SER has more channels

• RER is not connected to the nucleus

Open Ended

Explain how the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus work together in the process of protein secretion.

Multiple Choice

Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down macromolecules and destroy foreign matter?

• Lysosome

• Golgi apparatus

• Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

• Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Open Ended

How did the early studies by Schleiden and Schwann contribute to our understanding of cell theory?

Multiple Choice

Who discovered cells in 1665?

• Robert Hooke

• Mathias Schleiden

• Theodor Schwann

• Louis Pasteur