
KIMIA KSSM KERTAS 3
Presentation
•
Chemistry
•
12th Grade
•
Easy
Theresa Stanley
Used 2+ times
FREE Resource
24 Slides • 26 Questions
1
SMK BANDAR TUN HUSSEIN ONN 2
TEKNIK MENJAWAB SOALAN KIMIA 3
THERESA A/P STANLEY LOURDES BENEDICT
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Word Cloud
HOW DO YOU FEEL NOW?
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KANDUNGAN / INPUT
- PEMBOLEHUBAH / VARIABLES
- HIPOTESIS / HYPOTHESIS
- PEMERHATIAN / OBSERVATION
- INFERENS/INFERENCE
-DEFINISI SECARA OPERASI / OPERATIONAL
DEFINITION
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1. Pemboleh Ubah Dimanipulasi (PUD)
➡️ Faktor yang diubah secara sengaja untuk melihat kesannya terhadap tindak balas.
Contoh:
Suhu tindak balas
Kepekatan asid
Saiz permukaan pepejal
Manipulated Variable (MV)
➡️ The factor you purposely change to observe its effect on the reaction.
Examples:
Temperature of reaction
Concentration of acid
Surface area of the solid
PEMBOLEHUBAH / VARIABLES
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2. Pemboleh Ubah Bergerak Balas (PUB)
➡️ Faktor yang diperhatikan atau diukur sebagai kesan daripada perubahan PUD.
Contoh:
Masa tindak balas selesai
Isipadu gas yang dihasilkan
Perubahan jisim
Responding Variable (RV)
➡️ The factor you observe or measure as a result of the MV.
Examples:
Time taken for reaction to complete
Volume of gas produced
Change in mass
PEMBOLEHUBAH / VARIABLES
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3. Pemboleh Ubah Dimalarkan (PUDm)
➡️ Faktor yang dikekalkan supaya tidak mengganggu keputusan eksperimen.
Contoh:
Isipadu larutan
Jenis bahan tindak balas
Jisim bahan
Constant Variable (CV)
➡️ The factor that is kept the same to ensure a fair test.
Examples:
Volume of solution
Type of chemical used
Mass of reactants
PEMBOLEHUBAH / VARIABLES
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Labelling
TULISKAN YANG MANA DALAM GAMBAR IALAH
-PEMBOLEHUBAH DIMANIPULASI
-PEMBOLEHUBAH BERGERAK BALAS
-PEMBOLEHUBAH MALAR
WRITE WHICH ONE IN THE PICTURE IS
-MANIPULATED VARIABLE
-RESPONDING VARIABLE
-CONSTANT VARIABLE
PEMBOLEHUBAH DIMANIPULASI /MANIPULATED V
PEMBOLEHUBAH MALAR/PEMBOLEHUBAH MALAR
PEMBOLEHUBAH BERGERAK BALAS/RESPONDING V
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Drag and Drop
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HIPOTESIS / HYPOTHESIS
✏️ Format of a Hypothesis:
“If/The [manipulated variable changes], then [responding variable will change].”
✏️ Format Hipotesis:
“Jika/Bagi/untuk [pemboleh ubah dimanipulasi berubah], maka [pemboleh ubah bergerak balas akan berubah].”
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✅ Example:
If the concentration of hydrochloric acid increases,
then the rate of reaction will increase,
HIPOTESIS / HYPOTHESIS
✅ Contoh:
Jika kepekatan asid hidroklorik meningkat,
maka kadar tindak balas akan meningkat.
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Open Ended
GIVE THE HYPOTHESIS/BERIKAN HIPOTESIS
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PEMERHATIAN/
OBSERVATION
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Word Cloud
ADAKAH INI BETUL DARI SEGI PENULISAN PEMERHATIAN/IS THIS CORRECT FOR AN OBSERVATION?
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Open Ended
KENALPASTI KESALAHAN PADA JADUAL INI/IDENTIFY THE ERROR IN THIS TABLE
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🧪 Tips Menulis Pemerhatian dalam Kimia
Tips to Write Observations in Chemistry
1. ✅ Tulis apa yang boleh dilihat, didengar atau dirasai.
➡️ Jangan reka cerita. Fokus pada perubahan yang jelas semasa eksperimen.
Contoh: Larutan bertukar daripada biru kepada tak berwarna.
Write what can be seen, heard, or felt. ➡️ No assumptions. Just record obvious physical changes.
Example: The solution changes from blue to colourless
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🧪 Tips Menulis Pemerhatian dalam Kimia
Tips to Write Observations in Chemistry
2. ✅ Gunakan ayat yang ringkas dan padat.
➡️ Tak perlu buat karangan. Tulis satu ayat yang terus ke poin.
Contoh: mendakan putih terbentuk.
Use short and precise sentences. ➡️ No need for essays. One solid sentence is enough.
Example: A white precipitate is formed.
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🧪 Tips Menulis Pemerhatian dalam Kimia
Tips to Write Observations in Chemistry
3. ✅ Elakkan guna “kerana” atau jelaskan kenapa.
➡️ Penjelasan masuk dalam inferens, bukan pemerhatian.
Contoh salah: Gas terbebas kerana tindak balas logam dengan asid.
Contoh betul: Gas terbebas.
Avoid using “because” or giving reasons.
➡️ Explanations go under inference, not observation.
Wrong: Gas is released because the metal reacts with acid.
Correct: Gas is released.
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🧪 Tips Menulis Pemerhatian dalam Kimia
Tips to Write Observations in Chemistry
4. ✅ Fokus pada perubahan fizikal, bukan teori.
➡️ Contoh: warna berubah, suhu meningkat, endapan terbentuk.
Focus on physical changes, not theory.
➡️ Examples: colour changes, temperature increases, precipitate forms.
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🧪 Tips Menulis Pemerhatian dalam Kimia
Tips to Write Observations in Chemistry
5. ✅ Guna perkataan pemerhatian yang betul dan tepat.
➡️ Perkataan penting: larut, mendap, terbentuk, terbebas, bertukar warna, meningkat.
Use correct and precise observation words.
➡️ Important words: dissolves, precipitate, formed, released, changes colour, increases.
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🧪 Tips Menulis Pemerhatian dalam Kimia
Tips to Write Observations in Chemistry
7. ✅ Jangan buat kesimpulan dalam bahagian pemerhatian.
➡️ Cuma catat apa yang berlaku — bukan kenapa ia berlaku.
Don’t write conclusions in the observation section.
➡️ Just record what happens — not why it happens.
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🧪 Tips Menulis Pemerhatian dalam Kimia
Tips to Write Observations in Chemistry
6. ✅ Gunakan bacaan suhu dengan satu titik perpuluhan.
➡️ Contoh: 30.0°C bukan 30 atau 30.00°C
Use temperature readings with one decimal point.
➡️ Example: 30.0°C, not 30 or 30.00°C
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Word Cloud
BERIKAN SATU PEMERHATIAN/GIVE ONE OBSERVATION
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INFERENSE/INFERENCE
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Tips Menulis Inferens dalam Kimia
Tips to Write Inference in Chemistry
1. ✅ Inferens ialah penjelasan SAINTIFIK berdasarkan pemerhatian.
➡️ Kaitkan apa yang berlaku dengan konsep kimia atau fakta saintifik.
Contoh: Tindak balas berlaku kerana logam lebih reaktif daripada kuprum.
Inference is a SCIENTIFIC explanation based on observation.
➡️ Link what you see with a chemistry concept or scientific fact.
Example: A reaction occurs because the metal is more reactive than copper.
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Tips Menulis Inferens dalam Kimia
Tips to Write Inference in Chemistry
2. ✅ Gunakan perkataan “kerana”, “disebabkan oleh”, atau “akibat”.
➡️ Ayat inferens mesti menjawab “kenapa?” pemerhatian berlaku.
Use words like “because”, “due to”, or “as a result of”.
➡️ Inference should answer WHY the observation happened.
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Tips Menulis Inferens dalam Kimia
Tips to Write Inference in Chemistry
3. ✅ Inferens tak boleh sama macam pemerhatian.
➡️ Kalau pemerhatian kata “gas terbebas”, inferens tak boleh ulang benda sama.
Inference should not repeat the observation.
➡️ If the observation says “gas is released”, the inference cannot say the same thing again.
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Tips Menulis Inferens dalam Kimia
Tips to Write Inference in Chemistry
5. ✅ Jawapan mesti logik dan selari dengan pemerhatian.
➡️ Jangan bagi penjelasan yang tak ada kaitan dengan apa yang berlaku.
The inference must be logical and match the observation.
➡️ Don’t give an explanation that doesn’t relate to what actually happened.
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Open Ended
BERIKAN INFERENS/GIVE THE INF
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DEFINISI SECARA OPERASI / OPERATIONAL
DEFINATION
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DEFINISI SECARA OPERASI /
OPERATIONAL DEFINITION
✅ Apa yang perlu dibuat (What to do)
➡️ Campurkan serbuk logam seperti zink atau logam X ke dalam larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
➡️ Ukur suhu sebelum dan selepas tindak balas menggunakan termometer.
➡️ Add zinc or metal X into copper(II) sulphate solution. ➡️ Measure the temperature before and after the reaction using a thermometer.
✅ Apa yang perlu diperhatikan (What to observe)
➡️ Bacaan suhu pada termometer meningkat. ➡️ Logam kuprum mendap dalam larutan.
➡️ Thermometer reading increases. ➡️ Brown copper metal is deposited in the solution.
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Open Ended
WHAT IS THE OPERATIONAL DEFINATION OF HEAT OF DISPLACEMENT BASED ON THIS EXPERIMENT/ APAKAH DEFINISI SECARA OPERASI HABA PENYESARAN BERDASARKAN EKSPERIMEN INI/
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The thermometer reading increases when 1 mole of copper is displaced when X / zinc is put/mixed into copper(II) sulphate solution.
Bacaan termometer meningkat apabila 1 mol kuprum disesarkan apabila X / zink dimasukkan/dicampurkan ke dalam larutan kuprum(II) sulfat.
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Open Ended
BERIKAN DEFINISI SECARA OPERASI UNTUK SEL KIMIA / GIVE THE OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF SIMPLE CEL
34
PASANGAN LOGAM YANG BERLAIAN DICELUPKAN KE DALAM LARUTAN NATRIUM KLORIDA AKAN MENUNJUKKAN BACAAN VOLTMETER
A PAIR OF DIFFERENT METALS IMMERSED INTO A SODIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION WILL SHOW A VOLTMETER READING.
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Multiple Choice
Apakah pemerhatian yang dapat dilihat pada elektrod sebelah kiri bagi sel elektrolisis ini?
gas terbebas
gas oksigen terbebas
gelembung gas terbebas
gelembung gas tidak berwarna terbebas
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Multiple Choice
Apakah inferens bagi elektrod sebelah kiri bagi sel elektrolisis ini?
gas terbebas
gas oksigen terbebas
gelembung gas terbebas
gelembung gas tidak berwarna terbebas
37
Multiple Choice
Nyatakan bacaan ammeter berdasarkan gambarajah yang diberikan
2.4
2.5 A
2.5
2.4 A
38
Multiple Choice
The reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid is represented by the following chemical equation:
Tindakbalas antara zink dengan asid hidroklorik diwakili oleh persamaan kimia berikut
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Which of the following methods is the most suitable to determine the rate of the above reaction?
Antara kaedah berikut yang manakah paling sesuai untuk menentukan kadar bagi tindak balas di atas
Determine the change in temperature of the solution with time Menentukan perubahan suhu larutan berkadar dengan masa
Determine the change in the concentration of zinc chloride with time
Menentukan perubahan kepekatan zink berkadar dengan masa
Determine the volume of hydrogen gas given off with time
Menentukan isipadu gas hidrogen yang dihasilkan berkadar dengan masa.
Determine the change in the concentration of hydrochloric acid with time
Menentukan perubahan kepekatan asid hidroklorik berkadar dengan masa,
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Multiple Choice
The graph shows the volume of hydrogen gas produced against time for the reaction between zinc and sulphuric acid.
Graf menunjukkan isipadu gas hydrogen yang dibebaskan melawan masa bagi tindakbalas antara zink dan asid sulfurik..
The gradient of the graph decreases with time because
Kecerunan graf berkurang dengan masa kerana
catalyst is not used.
mangkin tidak digunakan
volume of mixture decreases
isipadu campuran berkurang
temperature of reaction decreases
suhu tindak balas berkurang
concentration of sulphuric acid decreases
kepekatan asid sulfurik berkurang
40
Multiple Choice
Which factor does not affect the rate of reaction?
Faktor manakah yang tidak mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas?
Volume of reactant
Isipadu bahan tindak balas
Concentration of reactant
Kepekatan bahan tindak balas
Temperature of reactant
Suhu bahan tindak balas
Size of solid reactant
Saiz pepejal bahan tindak balas
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Multiple Choice
The time taken for 2 g of magnesium powder to react completely with excess hydrochloric acid is 5 minutes. What is the average rate of the reaction?
Masa yang diambil untuk 2 g serbuk magnesium bertindak balas lengkap dengan asid hidroklorik berlebihan ialah 5 minit.
Berapakah kadar purata bagi tindak balas ini?
0.4 g s-1
0.4 g min-1
2.5 g s-1
2.5 g min-1
42
Multiple Choice
Table 6 shows the volume of gas release at interval time of 30 seconds in an experiment to determine the rate of reaction .
Jadual 6 menunjukkan isipadu gas yang terbebas pada sela masa 30 saat dalam satu eksperimen untuk menentukan kadar tindak balas.
What is the average rate of reaction in the second minute?
Apakah kadar tindak balas purata dalam minit kedua?
0.06 cm3s-1
0.12 cm3s-1
0.37 cm3s-1
7.00 cm3s-1
43
Multiple Choice
Which of the following factors does not affect the rate of a reaction?
Antara faktor-faktor berikut, yang manakah tidak mempengaruhi kadar sesuatu tindak balas?
The presence of a catalyst
Kehadiran mangkin.
The concentration of the reactant
Kepekatan bahan tindak balas
The total surface area of the solid reactant
Jumlah luas permukaan bahan tindak balas pepejal
The mass of the solid reactant
Jisim bahan tindak balas pepejal
44
Multiple Choice
The following information shows the effect of a particular factor on the rate of reaction.
Maklumat berikut menunjukkan kesan suatu faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.
Adding a catalyst.
Menambah mangkin
Increasing temperature of reactants
Menaikkan suhu bahan tindak balas
Increasing the concentration of reactants.
Menambah kepekatan bahan tindak balas
Increasing total surface area of reactants.
Menambah jumlah luas permukaan bahan tindak balas
45
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a soluble sulphate salt?
Antara berikut, yang manakah adalah garam sulfat terlarutkan?
Lead(II) sulphate / Plumbum(II) sulfat
Barium sulphate / Barium sulfat
Zinc sulphate / Zink sulfat
Calcium sulphate / Kalsium sulfat
46
Multiple Choice
Which of the following insoluble salt?
Antara berikut, garam yang manakah garam tak larut?
Lead (II) sulphate
Plumbum (II) sulfat
Sodium chloride
Natrium klorida
Magnesium nitrate
Magnesium nitrat
Lead (II) nitarate
Plumbum (II) nitrat
47
Multiple Choice
State the name of reaction to produce insoluble salt?
Nyatakan nama tindak balas untuk menghasilkan garam tak terlarutkan?
Displacement reaction
Tindak balas penyesaran
Double decomposition reaction
Tindak balas penguraian ganda dua
Titration method / Tindak balas pentitratan
48
Multiple Choice
Rajah menunjukkan penyediaan garam. Antara berikut, garam manakah sesuai dihasilkan menggunakan kaedah penyediaan seperti dalam rajah?
Diagram shows preparation of salt. Which of the following salt is suitable to be produced through the preparation method in the diagram?
Natrium sulfat
Sodium sulphate
Kalsium sulfat
Calcium sulphate
Zink sulfat
Zinc sulphate
Barium sulfat
Barium sulphate
49
Multiple Choice
Which of the following salts is prepared using double decomposition method?
Antara yang berikut, garam manakah yang disediakan dengan menggunakan kaedah penguraian ganda dua
Copper(II) sulphate
Kuprum(II) sulfat
Iron(II) nitrate
Ferum(II) nitrat
Lead(II) chloride
Plumbum(II) klorida
Potassium carbonate
Kalium karbonat
50
Multiple Choice
Which salt is insoluble in water?
Garam yang manakah tidak larut dalam air?
ZnSO4
Ba(NO3)2
AgNO3
BaSO4
SMK BANDAR TUN HUSSEIN ONN 2
TEKNIK MENJAWAB SOALAN KIMIA 3
THERESA A/P STANLEY LOURDES BENEDICT
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