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2nd and 3rd Trimester part 2

2nd and 3rd Trimester part 2

Assessment

Presentation

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Health Sciences

•

University

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Practice Problem

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Medium

Created by

Megan Mullins

Used 1+ times

FREE Resource

32 Slides • 29 Questions

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Open Ended

Describe the anatomical position of the diaphragm in relation to the heart, lungs, liver, stomach, and spleen.

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Multiple Choice

Why is the diaphragm significant in the separation of the thorax and abdomen?

1

It aids in digestion

2

It separates the thorax and abdomen, playing a crucial role in respiration

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It produces hormones

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It stores nutrients

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Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about the jugular veins are correct?

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They are lateral to carotid arteries.

2

They are seen lateral to esophagus.

3

Frequently noted when fetal neck extended.

4

Help determine location of carotid arteries.

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Multiple Choice

Which thoracic structure is seen lateral to the esophagus?

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Carotid arteries

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Trachea

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Jugular veins

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Esophagus

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Open Ended

Compare and contrast the sonographic appearance of the jugular vein and carotid artery based on the ultrasound images provided.

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Multiple Choice

Which vessel courses right and parallel with the aorta in the thorax?

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Inferior Vena Cava (IVC)

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Hepatic veins

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Descending aorta

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Umbilical arteries

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Open Ended

Explain how fetal circulation bypasses the lungs and why this is important for fetal development.

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Fill in the Blank

Fetal oxygenation occurs in the ___, not the lungs.

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Multiple Choice

Which structure allows oxygenated blood from the umbilical vein to bypass the liver and flow directly into the inferior vena cava (IVC) in fetal circulation?

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Ductus venosus

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Foramen ovale

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Ductus arteriosus

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Portal vein

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Fill in the Blank

After birth, the foramen ovale, ductus venosus, and ___ close as part of the transition to adult circulation.

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Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about fetal circulation is/are correct?

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The foramen ovale allows blood to bypass the fetal lungs.

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The ductus arteriosus connects the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta.

3

Most of the blood from the right ventricle goes to the fetal lungs.

4

Deoxygenated blood exits the fetus through the umbilical arteries.

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Open Ended

Describe the pathway of oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetal brain, including any major shunts or bypasses involved.

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Open Ended

Explain why the left lobe of the fetal liver is larger than the right lobe in utero.

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Multiple Choice

What is the main storage site for glucose in the fetal upper abdomen?

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Liver

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Pancreas

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Spleen

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Kidney

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Multiple Choice

What is a key sonographic feature that helps distinguish the left portal vein (LPV) from the gallbladder?

1

LPV appears more tubular and can be traced to the umbilical insertion

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Gallbladder is always larger than LPV

3

LPV is located in the lower pelvis

4

Gallbladder is always hyperechoic

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the typical sonographic appearance and location of the gallbladder?

1

Cone-shaped structure in the right upper abdomen below the left portal vein

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Tubular structure in the left lower abdomen

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Round structure in the left upper abdomen above the diaphragm

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Oval structure in the right lower abdomen

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Open Ended

Why is the pancreas considered difficult to image in fetal ultrasound, and what anatomical relationships can help in its identification?

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Fill in the Blank

The spleen is seen scanning transversely and posteriorly to the left of the ___.

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Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about the fetal stomach are correct?

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It can be seen as early as the 11th week.

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It should be seen beyond the 16th week.

3

It appears as a fluid collection in the left upper abdomen.

4

It is always hyperechoic on ultrasound.

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Multiple Choice

Which feature distinguishes small intestines from large intestines in fetal ultrasound after 20 weeks?

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Small intestines have a cluster appearance of bowel loops and occupy a central position.

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Large intestines are always hypoechoic.

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Small intestines are peripheral in location.

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Large intestines have lower echogenicity than the liver.

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Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about the renal pelvis in fetal ultrasound are correct?

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It becomes more distinct with gestational age.

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It is always echogenic in appearance.

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Pyelactasis is defined as persistent mild bilateral renal pelvis dilation.

4

An echo-free area in the center of the kidney represents fluid.

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Multiple Choice

At what gestational age can fetal kidneys typically be visualized on ultrasound?

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As early as 13 weeks

2

As early as 8 weeks

3

As early as 20 weeks

4

As early as 16 weeks

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Multiple Choice

Which structure can be mistaken for a kidney on fetal ultrasound due to its large size and appearance?

1

Adrenal gland

2

Bladder

3

Liver

4

Spleen

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Multiple Choice

Which sonographic feature is most characteristic of the fetal adrenal gland in the transverse plane?

1

Long, thin echogenic medulla surrounded by hypoechoic cortex

2

Ovoid hypoechoic tissue superior to kidney

3

Round, fluid-filled cavity

4

Highly echogenic borders

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Open Ended

Explain the clinical significance of failing to recognize the fetal bladder in the presence of oligohydramnios during an ultrasound examination.

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Fill in the Blank

The fetal bladder is typically located in the ___ pelvis.

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Multiple Choice

The atrium of the lateral ventricle is abnormal if > ___ mm.

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Multiple Choice

The glomus is part of which structure?

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Choroid plexus

2

Thalamus

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Cavum Septum Pellucidi

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Cerebellum

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Multiple Choice

At what week do cranial bones ossify?

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7 weeks
2
12 weeks
3
10 weeks
4
5 weeks
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