Review Module 2: Stars, the Universe and the Solar System

Multiple Choice

Which of the following planets can be seen in the night sky as shown in the image?

• Mars

• Earth

• Neptune

• Pluto

Multiple Choice

What are the main parts of a comet?

• Nucleus

• Coma

• Tail

• Core

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between a meteoroid, meteor, and meteorite?

• Meteoroid is a rock in space, meteor is a shooting star, meteorite is a rock that lands on Earth

• Meteoroid is a shooting star, meteor is a rock in space, meteorite is a comet

• Meteoroid is a rock that lands on Earth, meteor is a rock in space, meteorite is a shooting star

• Meteoroid is a comet, meteor is a rock that lands on Earth, meteorite is a shooting star

Multiple Choice

What letter represents the location of the south celestial pole?

• A

• B

• D

• G

Open Ended

What is the energy transformation in a star?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a real-world application of measuring distances in light years?

• Measuring the distance between cities

• Calculating the distance to the Moon

• Determining the distance to distant stars and galaxies

• Measuring the height of a building

Multiple Choice

What phenomenon is used to measure the scale of the universe and distances of far-off galaxies?

• Gravitational lensing

• Supernovae Type Ia as standard candles

• The Doppler Effect

• Parallax measurements

Open Ended

Will our sun become a black hole? Explain why or why not.

Multiple Choice

What is a nebula and how does it contribute to the formation of a protostar?

• A large gas cloud that forms stars

• A type of star

• A planet formation process

• A black hole

Multiple Choice

When does a protostar become a true star?

• when the star is 1 million years old

• when the central temperature reaches 1 million Kelvin

• when nuclear fusion begins in the core

• when the thermal energy becomes trapped in the center

Multiple Choice

What triggers a star's transition from the main sequence phase to the red giant stage?

• Loss of all hydrogen fuel

• Increase in magnetic activity

• Hydrogen fuel exhaustion in the core, leading to helium fusion

• Collision with another star

Open Ended

What happens to the temperature in the outer layers of a star after the Red Giant stage?

Multiple Choice

What is the ultimate fate of a low to medium mass star after the red giant phase?

• It becomes a black hole

• It turns into a neutron star

• It explodes as a supernova

• It sheds its outer layers and leaves behind a white dwarf

Multiple Choice

Why do stars much more massive than the Sun not form into white dwarfs after their nuclear fuel is exhausted?

• Their cores are too hot for a white dwarf to form

• They lose too much mass in the red giant phase

• Their gravitational pull is too strong, leading to further collapse

• They turn directly into black holes without collapsing

Multiple Choice

What can the remains of the core after a supernova form depending on their mass?

• Neutron star

• Black hole

• Both neutron star and black hole

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

What happens to a star with a core mass of more than 3 solar masses?

• It becomes a neutron star

• It explodes as a supernova

• It forms a black hole

• It remains stable

Multiple Choice

What are the three characteristics used to classify stars?

• Size, temperature, and brightness

• Color, size, and distance

• Brightness, distance, and temperature

• Color, temperature, and mass

Reorder

Reorder the types of electromagnetic radiation from highest energy to lowest energy.

• Radio WAves

• Infrared

• Visisble

• Ultraviolet

• Gamma

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between Apparent Magnitude and Absolute Magnitude of a star?

• Apparent Magnitude is the brightness as seen from Earth, while Absolute Magnitude is the brightness at a standard distance.

• Apparent Magnitude is the brightness at a standard distance, while Absolute Magnitude is the brightness as seen from Earth.

• Both Apparent and Absolute Magnitude refer to the brightness as seen from Earth.

• Apparent Magnitude is always greater than Absolute Magnitude.

Multiple Choice

Which measurements allows astronomers to compare the brightness of stars?

• parallax

• red shift

• absolute magnitude

• apparent magnitude

Multiple Choice

Which measurements allows astronomers to compare the brightness of stars?

• parallax
• red shift
• absolute magnitude
• apparent magnitude

Multiple Choice

What does the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram compare?

• Color, surface temperature, and brightness of stars

• Distance and size of stars

• Color and age of stars

• Brightness and temperature of planets

Multiple Choice

This is a picture of The Milky Way, where would our sun be located?

• Directly in the middle
• Towards the outside but NOT at the edge
• All the way on the outside
• Somewhere near the top

Multiple Choice

What are the three basic shapes of galaxies?

• Spiral, Elliptical, Irregular

• Circular, Oval, Linear

• Flat, Round, Irregular

• Spherical, Disk, Irregular

Multiple Choice

What is the term for the point in an elliptical orbit closest to the Sun?

• Aphelion

• Perihelion

• Perigee

• Apogee

Multiple Choice

What is the longest day of the year?

• winter solstice
• summer solstice
• fall equinox
• spring equinox

Multiple Choice

What does the rotation of the earth cause us to experience?

• seasons
• year
• day & night
• eclipse

Multiple Choice

Why do we experience the changing of the season on the earth?

• distance from the sun
• rotation of the earth
• change in solar output
• tilt of the earth's axix

Multiple Choice

What are the inner planets called?

• Gas Giants

• Dwarf Planets

• Terrestrial Planets

• Terrestrial Giants

Multiple Choice

The surface of the two gas giants is mainly made of

• ammonia

• Carbon dioxide

• Hydrogen

• Helium

Open Ended

What is special about Uranus?

Multiple Choice

Where is the Asteroid Belt located in the Solar System?

• near Neptune

• between Mercury and Venus

• between Mars and Jupiter

• around the Sun

Fill in the Blanks

Multiple Choice

Why is Pluto no longer considered a planet?

• It is too small

• It does not orbit the Sun

• It's too far away

• It doesn't dominate it's orbit

Labelling

Label the planets in our solar system

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Mercury

Neptune

Venus

Saturn

Mars

Jupiter

Earth

Uranus

Reorder

Reorder the following from inside to surface of the sun

• Core

• Radiation Zone

• Convection Zone

• Photosphere

• Corona

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Open Ended

What causes the Northern and Southern Lights?

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• waning crescent
• waxing crescent
• waning gibbous
• waxing gibbous

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• Waning Crescent
• Waxing Crescent
• Waning Gibbous
• Waxing Gibbous

Multiple Choice

Name the moon phase

• First Quarter
• Last Quarter
• New Moon
• Full Moon

Multiple Choice

Since some light will still illuminate the moon, it will appear

• red

• green

• yellow

• blue

Multiple Choice

In a Lunar Eclipse what is in the middle of the lineup?

• Sun
• Moon 
• Earth
• Jupiter

Multiple Choice

For a solar eclipse to occur, what has to happen?

• The sun must be directly between Earth and the moon.
• The moon must be directly between Earth and the Sun.