Chapter 7 class review

Multiple Choice

What is the name for the thin, spiderlike membrane in the middle of the bone.

• Lamellae

• Medullary Cavity

Multiple Choice

Where is new blood cells created?

• In the scapula

• In bone marrow, located inside the bone

• In the patella

• In bone marrow, located inside the muscle tissue

Multiple Choice

Covering on the end of the bones as represented in structure D. Also on the end of B.  Provides protection

• red bone marrow
• yellow bone marrow
• articular cartilage
• medullary cavity

Multiple Choice

Structure #11 is

• artery
• periosteum
• compact bone
• yellow bone marrow

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a major function of bones?

• Support for the body

• Protection of internal organs

• Production of hormones

• Movement facilitation

Open Ended

Why is it important to understand the classifications and functions of bones in the skeletal system?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of bones in the skeletal system?

• Muscle attachment

• Blood cell production

• Storage of inorganic salts

• Production of hormones

Multiple Choice

Which of the following bones are classified as flat bones?

• Femur

• Scapula

• Patella

• Vertebrae

Multiple Choice

The portion of the bone inside of the boxes is known as the:

• Medullary Cavity

• Epiphysis

• Osteon

• Diaphysis

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is filled with yellow marrow (adipose tissue)?

• medullary cavity
• spongy bone
• periosteum
• compact bone

Fill in the Blank

The expanded ends of bones that form joints with adjacent bones are called ___.

Open Ended

Describe the differences between compact bone and spongy bone as seen in the cross section of a long bone.

Multiple Select

Select all the correct statements about compact and spongy bone.

• Compact bone makes up the wall of the diaphysis.

• Spongy bone consists of branching plates called trabeculae.

• Compact bone is found in the epiphyses.

• Spongy bone reduces the weight of the skeleton.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are functions of the extracellular matrix in bone tissue?

• Provides strength and resilience

• Stores fat

• Provides hardness and resistance to crushing

• Produces blood cells

Multiple Choice

Which structure in compact bone contains blood vessels and nerves?

• Lamellae

• Canaliculi

• Central (Haversian) canal

• Lacunae

Open Ended

Explain the difference between compact bone and spongy bone in terms of their structure and location of osteocytes.

Fill in the Blank

Formation of bone from connective tissue is called ___.

Multiple Choice

Microscopic channels between the lacunae of ossified bone that carry nutrients to osteocytes are known as:

• Volksmann's canals

• Haverisan canals

• canaliculi

• osteons

Multiple Choice

Which cells are responsible for the formation of new bone tissue?

• Osteoclasts

• Osteoblasts

• Osteocytes

• Chondrocytes

Open Ended

Describe the process by which osteoblasts become osteocytes during intramembranous bone formation.

Multiple Choice

Which type of bone develops from sheet-like layers of undifferentiated connective tissue?

• Endochondral bone

• Intramembranous bone

• Spongy bone

• Compact bone

Fill in the Blank

The band of hyaline cartilage that remains between the two ossification centers in a developing bone is called the ___

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes the process of endochondral bone formation?

• Bone tissue replaces hyaline cartilage models shaped like future bones.

• Bone tissue forms directly from fibrous membranes.

• Cartilage remains throughout life and is never replaced by bone.

• Bone tissue forms only in the epiphyses.

Open Ended

Explain the role of osteoclasts and osteoblasts in the development and growth of endochondral bones.

Multiple Select

Which of the following structures are present in a mature long bone after endochondral ossification?

• Epiphyseal plate

• Medullary cavity

• Primary ossification center

• Articular cartilage

Open Ended

How does the activity of the epiphyseal plate affect the lengthening of long bones in children?

Multiple Choice

Which factors influence bone development, growth, and repair?

• Nutrition

• Hormonal secretions

• Physical exercise

• All of the above

Open Ended

Explain the difference between red marrow and yellow marrow in terms of their location and function.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of bones as described in the slides?

• Support and protection

• Movement

• Blood cell formation

• Digestion

Multiple Select

Which bones are part of the axial skeleton? Select all that apply.

• Skull

• Pelvic girdle

• Vertebral column

• Thoracic cage

Fill in the Blank

The appendicular skeleton includes the ___ and the bones that anchor the limbs to the axial skeleton.

Multiple Choice

Identify the major bones labeled in the diagram that are part of the lower limb.

• Femur, Patella, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges

• Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Carpals, Metacarpals, Phalanges

• Clavicle, Scapula, Sternum, Ribs

• Cranium, Mandible, Maxilla, Zygomatic

Open Ended

How many bones are present in the adult human skeleton, and how are they distributed between the axial and appendicular skeletons?

Fill in the Blank

The bones that compose the ___ are part of the axial skeleton.

Open Ended

Reflecting on today's lesson about the skeletal system, what is one major function of bones that you found most interesting, and why?