AP Physics 1-03 c Mechanical Energy

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the work-energy theorem?

• It relates the work done by forces to the change in kinetic energy of an object.

• It states that energy cannot be created or destroyed.

• It defines power as the rate of doing work.

• It explains the conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes energy?

• Energy is the capability for doing work.

• Energy is the ability to create matter.

• Energy is the process of heating objects.

• Energy is the force that stops motion.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are true about kinetic energy?

• It is the energy of motion.

• It is present only when an object is moving.

• It is not always present when an object is at rest.

• It is the same as potential energy.

Fill in the Blank

The formula for kinetic energy is K = ___ mv^2.

Multiple Select

An object's kinetic energy depends on which of the following factors?

• Mass

• Velocity

• Temperature

• Shape

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes kinetic energy?

• It is a vector quantity.

• It is a scalar quantity.

• It is measured in newtons.

• It is measured in watts.

Multiple Choice

What is the kinetic energy of a 5-g bullet traveling at 200 m/s?

• 10 J

• 50 J

• 100 J

• 200 J

Fill in the Blank

Potential energy is the ability to do work by virtue of an object's ___ or condition.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are examples of potential energy?

• A moving car

• A wound-up spring

• A stretched elastic band

• An object at some height above the ground

Open Ended

Explain why it is important to choose a reference position when calculating potential energy.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the relationship between potential energy and the work done by a conservative force?

• Potential energy equals the work done by a conservative force.

• Potential energy equals the negative of the work done by a conservative force.

• Potential energy is independent of the work done by a conservative force.

• Potential energy equals twice the work done by a conservative force.

Fill in the Blank

The gravitational potential energy of an object at height h equals the negative of the work that gravity does when the object is lifted from the PE = 0 position. Fill in the blank: P_Eg = ___ = U_g

Multiple Choice

Which of the following equations correctly represents gravitational potential energy?

• U = mgh

• U = 1/2 mv^2

• U = Fd

• U = mg/v

Multiple Choice

Gravitational potential energy (Ug) only exists if which condition is met?

• The object is moving at a constant velocity.

• Both the object and the earth are considered part of the system.

• The object is in free fall.

• The earth is not part of the system.

Multiple Choice

When considering the ball-Earth system as a whole, what happens to the total mechanical energy as the ball falls?

• It increases

• It decreases

• It remains constant

• It becomes zero

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements are true about spring potential energy (Us)?

• Us only exists if both the object and spring are part of the system.

• If the spring is not part of the system, its force is external.

• Fs is always an internal force regardless of the system.

• Work done by the spring is calculated as W = Fs*Δx.

Fill in the Blank

The formula for gravitational potential energy is U = ___ * g * h.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best represents the equation for total mechanical energy?

• ME = K + U

• ME = U - K

• ME = K * U

• ME = K / U

Fill in the Blank

The work-energy theorem relates the work done on an object to its change in ___ energy.