Unit 4 and 5 Folder Review

​Writing the Constitution

By Kali Curry

We're Independent! Now what?

Creating United States Government

The colonists struggled with what kind of government they wanted to have now they were independent - how do we run a country successfully that doesn't create a tyrant? How much power do the states have compared to the US government?

Articles of the Confederation

Strengths:
- United the 13 Colonies
- Legislative Branch

Weaknesses:
- No President
- No Judicial Branch
- Each State had its own currency
- Fed Gov couldn't tax

• Created a plan to add states to the Union

• 60,000 people needed to apply for statehood

Northwest Ordinance

Articles of Confederation

Multiple Choice

The lasting impact of the Northwest ordinance of 1787 was...

• that slavery would be made illegal forever after in the U.S.

• that the U.S. was unable to compromise.

• that we would be dragged into another war.

• that it provided instructions on how the U.S. should add new states to the U.S. in the future.

Articles of Confederation

Shay's Rebellion

• Farmers were angry because they couldn't trade between states since each state had their own currency

• Banks started foreclosing on their farms

• Daniel Shay's led farmers in a rebellion

• Showed how WEAK the A of C was - Government couldn't end the rebellion

Americans realized things needed to change....but how do we balance out the power?

Multiple Choice

What did Shay's Rebellion prove to the country?

• The country needed a strong central govenment.

• they needed to protect their rights

• they needed to prevent ratification of the Constitution

Multiple Choice

In the House of Representatives, the number of representatives is

• equal for every state

• based on the population in the state

• decided by the President

• decided by Judges

Three-Fifths Compromise

• three out of every five of the enslaved population was counted for purposes of representation and taxation

• benefitted the South - they will have more voting power since they have a higher enslaved population than the North

Multiple Choice

Who would say this?

"The Constitution contains no Bill of Rights to protects individual liberties like freedom of speech, trial by jury, and the right against searches and seizures."

• Federalsit

• Anti-Federalist

Bear Arms

2nd

Freedom of Religion, Assembly, Press, Petition, Speech

1st

Bill of Rights

No unreasonable Search and Seizure

4th

Quartering Soldiers **made because of the King

3rd

Bill of Rights

Multiple Choice

A stop and frisk search can be justified if suspicions of the suspect being armed and dangerous are present.

• True

• False

Speedy Trial

6th

Due Process, Double Jeopardy, Self-Incrimination

5th

Bill of Rights

No Cruel and Unusual Punishment

8th

Trial by Jury

7th

Bill of Rights

Multiple Choice

What is an example of Cruel and Unusual Punishment?

• 50 years in Prison

• Torturing the criminal

• $100,000 bail

• Community Service

Rights to the States

10th

Rights to the People

9th

Bill of Rights

makes laws

enforces laws

interprets laws

makes laws

enforces laws

interprets laws

Congress can override a Presidential Veto

President appoints Judges

Declare laws unconstitutional

Multiple Choice

Read the excerpt and answer the question that follows. "He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good." —Declaration of Independence Which statement shows how this grievance was addressed in the U.S. Constitution?

• Congress may override a presidential veto.

• Congress may ratify amendments.

• The House of Representatives introduces tax bills.

• The Senate may vote to turn down treaties.

Federal Government power is limited in what they can do

Limited Government

Power is SHARED between state and federal government

Federalism:

Principles of Constitution

Multiple Choice

What was the purpose of this amendment

• To encourage citizens to monitor the federal government

• to prevent conflicts between state and local governments

• To limit the authority of the federal government

• To increase the participation of citizens in state governments

People vote for leaders to make choices for us

Republicanism

People have the power to vote

Popular Sovereignty

Principles of Constitution

Multiple Choice

What Constitutional Principle says "We the People"?

• Popular Sovereignty
• Judicial Review
• Limited Government
• Separation of Powers

The power of the Federal Government is divided into three branches

Separation of Powers

People are born with unalienable rights

Individual Rights

Principles of Constitution

Each branch checks the others powers - so that one branch doesn't get too much power

Checks and Balances

Principles of Constitution

Whiskey Rebellion

Farmers rebel against the tax on whiskey
This time Washington is President and is not going to let the rebellion continue and marched troops into Pennsylvania
This showed the strength of the Constitution - since the President could lead troops to end a rebellion

Multiple Choice

Which of the following happened as a result of the Whiskey Rebellion?

• States ratify the constitution

• Tension between states increase

• showed strength of the constitution

• temperance movement gains momentum

Early Republic

Multiple Choice

What doubled the size of the US?

• Mexico
• Canada Purchase
• Louisiana Purchase
• California Purchase

Jefferson

• Wanted a strong central government

• Believed a national bank would:

• Help pay off war debts

• Create a stable national currency

• Improve trade and the economy

Hamilton

National Bank

• Wanted limited federal government power

• Believed a national bank:

• Was not specifically mentioned in the Constitution

• Gave too much power to the federal government

• Hurt farmers and favored wealthy bankers and northern states

National Bank

Compromise

• Hamilton and Jefferson came to a compromise and created a charter for the bank to operate for 20 years

• Handled federal government finances, and helped stabilize the economy

• ISSUE OF POWER OF FED GOV LEADS TO CREATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES

Multiple Choice

The first political parties in the U.S. formed mainly in response to disagreements over __

• taxation without representation

• the doctrine of judicial review

• territorial expansion to the west

• how much power/ authority the federal government should have

• Limited federal government

• Strong states’ rights

• Strict interpretation of the Constitution

• Opposed the National Bank

• Economy based on farming

• Supported rural areas

• Favored France

Democratic Republicans

• Led by Hamilton

• Strong national (federal) government

• Loose interpretation of the Constitution

• Supported the National Bank

• Economy based on trade, banking, and manufacturing

• Supported cities and businesses

• Favored Great Britain
  

Federalist

Political Parties

Multiple Choice

Britain blockaded U.S. ports.  What does this mean?

• They cut off U.S. trade by using ships to block the coast.
• They built up land masses to stop U.S. ships.
• They imprisoned all mayors of U.S. cities.
• They stopped farming by destroying crops.

Warned about Neutral, Debt, Political Parties and Sectionalism

Washington Farewell Address

1st President
Set an example of only taking 2 terms

Washington

Presidents

Multiple Choice

What was George Washington's advice on Foreign Policy?

• The Nation should remain neutral and avoid permanent alliances

• The Nation should end slavery

• The Nation should expand from East to West

• The Nation should colonize Latin America

Expanded the power of the President by buying Louisiana Territory from France

Jefferson

Avoided war with France after the XYZ affair

Adams

Presidents

Gained Florida from Spain, Monroe Doctrine kept Europe away from Americas

Monroe

Led U.S. through War of 1812 and into the Era of Good Feelings

Madison

Presidents

Congress controls interstate trade

Gibbons v Ogden $

Established Judicial Review
- Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional

Marbury v Madison

Supreme Court Cases

McCulloch v Maryland $

States cannot tax the federal government

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements most accurately describes judicial review?

• the power to nominate and appoint new judges

• the power to reverse the decisions of lower courts

• the power to review presidential actions

• the power to declare laws unconstitutional

Multiple Choice

Which Supreme Court Case resulted in the Federal Government regulating Interstate Commerce?

• McCulloch v. Maryland

• Marbury v. Madison

• Gibbons v. Ogden

• Marbury v. Maryland