Geology S1 EOCA Study Guide Answers

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According to the big bang theory, the universe was formed about ​ ​

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Multiple Choice

What temperature does the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation have today, on average?

• 0 Kelvin

• 5000 Kelvin

• 1000 Kelvin

• -2.725 Kelvin

Dropdown

Massive stars can become a ​

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or a ​

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.

Labelling

Label the life cycle of stars

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white dwarf

massive star

neutron star

red giant

red super giant

supernova

Average star

Black hole

The Sun will be the most luminous as a red giant because on the HR diagram of the Sun's life, as a red giant it will be almost a 1000 times brighter than today.

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Our Sun is a ​ ​

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star that is approximately one-third of the way through its life cycle. As our sun nears the ​

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of its life cycle and burns away, it will become a ​

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and eventually a ​

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.

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main sequence

end

red giant

white dwarf

supergiant

beginning

supernova

black hole

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Orbit is the ​

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​ one ​

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takes as it ​

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around another object.

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path

object

revolves

Multiple Choice

• F

• G

• H

• J

Multiple Choice

What holds the planets in their orbits around the sun?

• gravity

• speed

• string

• air currents

Match

Match Kepler's Laws to the correct description.

• Orbits are in the shape of an ellipse with the sun at one focus.

• Planets travel equal distance in equal time as they orbit the sun.

• Orbital Periods are proportionate to the distance from the sun.

Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion

Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion

Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion

• Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion

• Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion

• Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion

Multiple Choice

The scientific theory that states that the Universe began from one point and has been expanding and cooling ever since

• Corona
• Doppler Shift
• Big Bang Theory
• Nebula

Multiple Choice

Why do planets have different layers?

• Different densities of the planet's materials

• Different volumes of the planet's materials

• Different masses of the planet's materials

• Different colors of the planet's materials

Multiple Choice

What word can we use to describe planets that are in the process of forming through accretion?

• planetesimals

• dwarf planets

• asteroids

• meteors

Dropdown

The strength of the gravitational pull depends on how ​

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a given object is. The ​

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massive an object is, the ​

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the gravitational pull.

Multiple Choice

What happens to galaxies as the Universe expands?

• They move closer together

• They stay in the same place

• They move farther apart

• They disappear

​Place the steps of the Solar Nebula Theory in the right order from 1 - 4.

​Solar Nebula Theory

1. A shockwave starts the collapse.

2. Gas and Dust collapse inward

3. The Sun forms at the center.

4. Planets begin to form

​Star Endings

Match the type of star to its ending:

• Massive star

• Average star

• Supermassive star

• Neutron Star

• White Dwarf

• Black hole

​Correct pairing: A3, B1, C2

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the explosion at the death of a massive star?

• Supergiant
• Supernova
• Black Hole
• Nebula

Labelling

Drag the labels to the correct the locations on the diagram.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

convergent boundary

Mid-ocean Ridge

slab pull

trench

divergent boundary

Match

Match the following to the correct letter

• The thinnest layer

• The layer responsible for generating the magnetic field

• The layer that is composed of magma

• The hottest layer

1

3

2

4

• 1

• 3

• 2

• 4

Multiple Choice

What physical process created the Himalayan mountains?

• Convergent boundary between Indian and Asian plates

• Volcanoes created the mountains with cooled lava

• Erosion has deposited soil to create the mountains

• The Rainshadow effect created the mountains

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Inge Lehmann is responsible for the discovery that Earth has

​

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and she used ​

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as evidence to support her idea.

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Choose the best term to fill the gaps in the passage. The image here depicts a convection current below the Earth's surface. The type of boundary shown here is a​

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boundary that results ​ ​

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. The magma reaches the surface because ​

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rises, and as the magma breaches the crust, ​

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emerges.

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​

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the process by which rock material moves under Earth’s outer layer and into the mantle due to plate motion

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subduction

uplift

weathering

sediment

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Layer 1 must be a ​

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and layer 2 must be a ​

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.

Labelling

Drag the labels that correctly explains each picture.

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Travels only through liquids

Travels through solids and liquids

Travels only through solids

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In Earth's convection currents, ​

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rises and ​

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falls

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hotter, less dense material

cooler, more dense material

hotter, more dense material

cooler, less dense material

Labelling

Place the labels correctly!

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Young Rocks

Old Rocks

Multiple Choice

Subduction plate boundaries around the Ring of Fire occur where

• Continental plates run into each other
• The sea floor is spreading
• Denser ocean crust goes under continental crust
• Fault lines are building potential energy 

Multiple Choice

Convection currents causes

• cooking in ovens

• tectonic plates to move

• storms

• none of these