Convection and Weather/Climate

Multiple Choice

What is the primary source of energy that drives weather patterns on Earth?

• The Moon

• The Sun

• The Earth's core

• Ocean currents

Multiple Choice

What is the term for the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids such as air or water?

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

• Insulation

Multiple Choice

Warm air _________ and cool air ___________.

• rises/sinks
• sinks/rises

Multiple Choice

Hot air rises because...

• it is less dense
• it is heavier
• it is more dense
• it contains Helium

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a direct result of the Sun's energy interacting with the Earth's hydrosphere?

• Formation of mountains

• Ocean currents

• Volcanic eruptions

• Earthquakes

Multiple Choice

Which explanation accurately describes convection within the ocean?

• Earth's mantle heats water at the bottom of the ocean, causing the water to rise toward the surface. The air at the surface cools the water, causing the water to sink

• Water near the ocean' surface is heated by air, causing it to sink toward the bottom of the ocean. As the water cools it sinks, causing it to rise back toward the surface

• Water near the equator is warmer because of direct sunlight. Water near the poles is cold and dense. Warm water moves toward the poles and cold water moves toward the equator

• The sun heats the surface of the water. The deeper the water, the colder it becomes. Warm water sinks and cold water rises

Multiple Choice

How does the Sun's energy contribute to the formation of wind?

• By heating the Earth's core

• By causing differences in air pressure

• By melting polar ice caps

• By creating ocean waves

Multiple Choice

How does solar energy affect the temperature of the Earth's surface?

• It cools the surface by reflecting heat.

• It warms the surface by absorbing heat.

• It has no effect on surface temperature.

• It only affects the temperature at night.

Multiple Choice

Describe how the Sun's energy influences climate patterns.

• It causes the Earth's rotation to speed up.

• It provides heat that affects atmospheric and oceanic circulation.

• It has no impact on climate patterns.

• It only affects the climate at the poles.

Dropdown

Climate is the average

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conditions for a particular

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over a long period of time, ranging from

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to thousands or millions of

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.

Multiple Choice

Warm air rises and the cool air sinks demonstrates this type of heat transfer. 

• conduction
• convection
• radiation
• Insolation 

Multiple Choice

If we boil water in a pot on an electric burner. How is our simulation of demonstrating convection currents different than the currents in the atmosphere and ocean?

• the warm air in our model sinks instead of rises

• the heat source for Earth is the sun which heats from above

• the currents are all flowing in the same direction

• warm water is less dense than warm air causing a difference between the models

Multiple Choice

On a summer day, Thomas is standing in his driveway waiting for his mother. Energy from the Sun is making Thomas feel hot. This energy is being transmitted by three different methods. Which of the following is an example of convection?

• Energy streaming through space toward Thomas​

• Heat being transferred from air particles to the asphalt​

• Heat moving through Thomas’s clothes to warm his skin​

• Warm air rising from just above the asphalt to reach the level of Thomas’s face ​

Multiple Choice

The picture below shows a place where air currents will form due to the uneven heating of Earth. In which direction will air currents most likely move? ​

• straight down over the land 

• from the land toward the sea 

• straight up above the sea 

• from the sea toward the land