Solubility

Open Ended

Why is it important to understand the concept of solubility and concentration in everyday life?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes a saturated solution?

• A solution that can dissolve more solute

• A solution that cannot dissolve any more solute at a given temperature

• A solution with no solute present

• A solution that contains only water

Fill in the Blanks

Solubilities are usually expressed in grams of solute per 100 grams of

at a specified temperature.

Multiple Choice

What is the definition of solubility?

• The maximum amount of solute that dissolves in a given amount of solvent at a constant temperature.

• The amount of solvent that dissolves in a given amount of solute at a constant temperature.

• The amount of solute that evaporates from a solution at a constant temperature.

• The minimum amount of solute that dissolves in a solvent at any temperature.

Open Ended

Explain why different substances have different solubilities in water at the same temperature.

Multiple Select

Which of the following compounds have their solubility values shown in the table at 20°C?

• Table salt (NaCl)

• Baking soda (NaHCO3)

• Table sugar (C12H22O11)

• Calcium chloride (CaCl2)

Multiple Choice

What happens if you add more sugar to a saturated solution of table sugar at 20°C?

• The extra sugar will dissolve.

• The extra sugar will not dissolve.

• The solution will become unsaturated.

• The temperature will decrease.

Multiple Choice

How many grams of NaCl are present in one liter of a 1M NaCl solution?

• 58.5 grams

• 36.0 grams

• 9.6 grams

• 203.9 grams

Multiple Choice

What is a supersaturated solution?

• A solution that contains more solute than it can normally hold at a given temperature.

• A solution that contains less solute than it can normally hold at a given temperature.

• A solution that contains only water and no solute.

• A solution that cannot dissolve any more solute at a given temperature.

Open Ended

Explain why supersaturated solutions are considered unstable and describe what happens when a crystal is added to such a solution.

Fill in the Blanks

Three factors that affect the solubility of a solute are polarity of the solvent, temperature, and

.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about polar and nonpolar solvents are correct?

• Oil does not dissolve in water because oil is nonpolar and water is polar.

• Solutions are more likely to form when both solute and solvent are polar or both are nonpolar.

• A soap molecule has both a polar end and a nonpolar end.

• Oil dissolves easily in water because both are polar.

Multiple Choice

According to the table, which combination of solvent and solute is most likely to form a solution?

• Polar solvent and polar (or ionic) solute

• Polar solvent and nonpolar solute

• Nonpolar solvent and polar (or ionic) solute

• Nonpolar solvent and polar solvent

Open Ended

How do soaps and detergents help remove grease and oil stains from surfaces or skin?

Multiple Choice

How does increasing the temperature of a solvent generally affect the solubility of solids and gases?

• Solubility of solids increases, solubility of gases decreases

• Solubility of solids decreases, solubility of gases increases

• Both solids and gases become more soluble

• Both solids and gases become less soluble

Open Ended

Explain how pressure affects the solubility of gases in liquids, using an example from everyday life.

Fill in the Blanks

Concentration can be expressed as percent by volume, percent by mass, and

.

Multiple Choice

What does 'percent by volume' measure in a solution?

• The concentration of a liquid dissolved in another liquid

• The concentration of a solid dissolved in a liquid

• The concentration of a gas dissolved in a liquid

• The concentration of a solid dissolved in a solid

Open Ended

Describe a real-world scenario where calculating percent by volume would be important. How would you use the formula provided?

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about percent by mass are correct?

• It is useful when the solute is a solid.

• It is the percent of a solution’s total mass accounted for by a solute.

• It is calculated using the formula: (Mass of solute / Mass of solution) × 100%.

• It is only used for gases.

Fill in the Blanks

The formula for molarity is Moles of solute divided by

of solution.

Multiple Choice

What is the definition of molarity in chemistry?

• The number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution

• The mass of solute dissolved per liter of solution

• The number of grams of solute dissolved per milliliter of solution

• The number of moles of solvent per liter of solution

Multiple Select

Which of the following are necessary to calculate the molarity of a solution?

• Amount of solute in moles

• Volume of solution in liters

• Temperature of the solution

• Type of solvent

Open Ended

Explain the steps required to prepare a 1-molar (1M) solution of sodium chloride in water, starting from solid sodium chloride.

Multiple Choice

If you have a solubility of 20 g in 100 g of water at 20°C, how much water is needed to dissolve 50 g of the compound?

• 250 g

• 100 g

• 500 g

• 200 g

Open Ended

Describe what happens to a saturated solution of carbon dioxide in water when the pressure is increased, and explain why.

Open Ended

How would you explain the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated solution in your own words?

Multiple Choice

What happens when you keep adding sugar to lemonade after it has reached its limit of dissolving?

• The lemonade becomes sweeter

• The sugar dissolves completely

• The excess sugar settles at the bottom

• The lemonade turns sour