Blood Vessel Notes

Match

Match the following

• endothelial layer that lines the lumen of vessel

• middle layer of of vessel- smooth muscle and elastin

• outer layer of vessel- areolar and dense irregular CT

Tunica interna

Tunica media

Tunica externa

• Tunica interna

• Tunica media

• Tunica externa

Multiple Choice

Which tunic layer is usually the thickest in arteries?

• Tunica intima

• Tunica media

• Tunica externa

• Endothelium

Open Ended

Compare the structure and function of arteries and veins, focusing on their tunic layers.

Reorder

Reorder the arteries from largest to smallest.

• Conducting Arteries

• Distributing Arteries

• Resistance Arteries

• Arterioles

1

2

3

4

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Fill in the Blanks

The smallest type of vein that connects to a capillary is called a

.

Reorder

Reorder the pathway of blood flow from the heart through the arterial system to the capillaries and back through the venous system.

• Ventricles of heart

• Arteries (conducting -> distributing -> resistance -> arteriole)

• capillaries

• Veins (venules -> small veins -> large veins)

• Atria of heart

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Match

Match the following

• cells are held together with tight junctions, found in skin and forming BBB

• riddled with filtration pores, found in kidneys and intestines

• Highly leaky, allow large molecules to pass, found in liver and lymph tissue

Continuous Capillaries​

Fenestrated Capillaries

Sinusoidal Capillaries

• Continuous Capillaries​

• Fenestrated Capillaries

• Sinusoidal Capillaries

Multiple Choice

What happens to blood flow when precapillary sphincters are closed in a vascular shunt?

• Blood flows through the thoroughfare channel and bypasses true capillaries.

• Blood flows through true capillaries.

• Blood returns to the heart directly.

• Blood is blocked completely.

Multiple Choice

Which pressure tends to force fluids through the capillary walls?

• Capillary hydrostatic pressure (HPc)

• Capillary colloid osmotic pressure (OPc)

• Venous pressure

• Arterial pressure

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best explains the difference in blood flow at the arterial end versus the venous end of a capillary?

• Blood pressure is higher at the arterial end, leading to net filtration out of the capillary, while lower pressure and higher concentration at the venous end results in net reabsorption into the capillary.

• Blood pressure is higher at the venous end, leading to net filtration out of the capillary, while lower pressure at the arterial end results in net reabsorption into the capillary.

• Both ends have equal pressure, so there is no net movement of fluid.

• Blood flow direction reverses between the arterial and venous ends.

Open Ended

Describe how net filtration pressure (NFP) determines the movement of fluids at the arterial and venous ends of a capillary bed.

Open Ended

Explain how laminar and turbulent blood flow differ, and provide an example of where each type is typically found in the circulatory system.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following characteristics is most likely observed when a vein is cut, as opposed to an artery or capillary?

• Steady, slow flow of dark red blood

• Spurting, pulsating flow of bright red blood

• fast, even flow of bright red blood

• No blood flow

Match

mechanisms contributing to the control of blood flow to tissues

• detect low oxygen levels and increases blood flow

• detects low blood pressure and increases vasoconstriction

• epinephrine, ADH, renin

• growth of new blood vessels

Chemoreceptors

Vasomotor tone

Hormones

Angiogenesis

• Chemoreceptors

• Vasomotor tone

• Hormones

• Angiogenesis

Fill in the Blanks

Blood vessel diameter has a significant effect on resistance. Fill in the blank: As blood vessel diameter decreases, resistance ___ and blood flow ___ .

Multiple Choice

Someone with a blood pressure of 100/68 is considered to be within normal range.

• true

• false

Open Ended

List or describe the factors that aid venous return.

Open Ended

What is the ultimate long term regulator of blood pressure and why?