States of Matter Review

How much energy is needed to raise the temperature of 5.0 grams of lead from 25°C to 35°C? [specific heat (c) = 0.129 J/(g•°C)]

• 6.45 J/(g•°C
• 6.45 J
• 16.1 J/(g•°C)
• 16.1 J

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

In an experiment, a scientist burned 10.0 g of methane, and the temperature of the 500.0 mL of water in the calorimeter changed from 21.0°C to 26.6°C. The specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C. How much energy was released in joules?

• 5.00 x 10^3 J
• 1.05 x 10^5
• 2.09 x 10^5
• 1.17 x 10^4

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

During the combustion of 2.00 g of coal, the temperature of 500 g of water inside the calorimeter increased from 25.0°C to 43.7°C. The specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C. How much heat did the reaction generate?

• 19,500 J
• 39,100 J
• 45,700
• 91,300 J

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Mariah wants to determine how much energy is needed to change 500 g of liquid water at 100°C to steam at 100°C. What information will best help her make this calculation?ABCD

• the energy needed to raise water temperature by 1°C
• the difference in temperature between the steam and the air
• the heat energy stored in each gram of liquid water at 100°C
• the energy needed to evaporate one gram of water at the boiling point

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

When a student uses the equation, mass multiplied by change in temperature multiplied by specific heat, what is being calculated?
ABCD

• a phase change
• stored energy
• heat convection
• heat gain or heat loss

The graph illustrates the process of changing ice at –50°C to steam at 150°C.
Which segment of the graph represents the largest absorption of energy by the water molecules?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

The graph below represents data collected during a laboratory investigation on the phase changes of water. Which can be concluded from the graph?

• From time G to H, heat energy was absorbed.
• From time H to I, the water changed from a gas to a solid.
• From time J to K, heat energy remained the same.
• From time K to L, the water changed from a solid to a liquid.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Examine the phase diagram of carbon dioxide.What is the triple point of carbon dioxide?

• 1 atm, –78.5°C
• 5.11 atm, –56.4°C
• 73.0 atm, –56.4°C
• 73.0 atm, 31.1°C

This illustration shows a generic phase diagram for an unidentified substance.
What does the point labeled T represent?

• boiling point
• melting point
• conditions under which the material exists in all three phases
• conditions under which the phase of the material cannot be determined

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

The phases of a substance under various pressure and temperature combinations are shown on this phase diagram.  What occurs if the pressure of the substance at point F remains constant, and the temperature increases to point G?ABCD

• It will transition from a solid state to a liquid state.
• It will transition from a liquid state to a solid state.
• It will transition from a solid state to a gaseous state.
• It will transition from a gaseous state to a solid state.