World History Chapter 17: Enlightenment & the American Revol

rules of conduct discoverable by reason

• natural law
• social contract
• natural right
• laissez faire

an agreement by which people gave up their freedom to a powerful government in order to avoid chaos

• natural law
• social contract
• natural right
• laissez faire

right that belongs to all humans from birth, such as life, liberty, and property

• natural law
• social contract
• natural right
• laissez faire

policy allowing business to operate with little or no government interference

• natural law
• social contract
• natural right
• laissez faire

French word for "philosopher"; French thinker who desired reform in society during the Enlightenment

• philosophe
• censorship
• salons
• enlightened despot 

absolute ruler who used his or her power to bring about political and social change

• philosophe
• censorship
• salons
• enlightened despot 

informal social gathering at which writers, artists, philosophes, and others exchanged ideas

• philosophe
• censorship
• salons
• enlightened despot 

restriction on access to ideas and information

• philosophe
• censorship
• salons
• enlightened despot 

17th century English thinker who believed in powerful governments (absolutism); wrote Leviathan and argued that people were naturally cruel, greedy, & selfish and could only survive under strict government control, believed in the use of a social contract; 

• Thomas Hobbes
• John Locke
• Montesquieu
• Voltaire

17th century English thinker who believed in natural rights, or the rights to life, liberty, and property; wrote the Two Treatises of Government in which he argued that people formed governments to protect their natural rights; believed in limited government; 

• Thomas Hobbes
• John Locke
• Montesquieu
• Voltaire