CHEMICAL BASIS OF LIFE REVIEW AND PRACTICE TEST

Which atoms make up water?

• one atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
• one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine
• one atom of hydrogen and two atoms of oxygen
• two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Why does ice float on liquid water?

• because of cohesion
• because of hydrogen bonding
• because ice is less dense than water
• because water is great at dissolving other materials

Water is described as a "polar" molecule.  Which of these are characteristics of being polar?

• the oxygen side of water molecules  is slightly positive and the hydrogen side slightly negative
• the oxygen and the hydrogen side are both positive
• the oxygen and hydrogen side are both negative
• the oxygen side is slightly negative and the hydrogen side slightly positive

Which of these will dissolve in water?

• nonpolar solutes
• solvents
• polar solutes
• metals

Amino Acid is to Protein as:

• fat is to Lipid
• DNA is to Carbohydrate
• Nucleotide is to Nucleic Acid
• Glucose is to Lipid

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

The word closest in meaning to "polysaccharide":

• nucleotide
• lipid
• protein
• carbohydrate

Which of these is NOT a function of proteins in cells and living things?

• build tissues such as bone and muscle
• fight disease/immune system
• control rate of reactions and regulate cell processes
• carry and transmit genetic information

Which biomolecule is the main source of quick energy for living things?

• lipid
• protein
• carbohydrate
• amino acid

Which statement is TRUE of enzymes?

• Enzymes can work equally well at any pH or temperature
• Enzymes are sources of long term energy storage for living things
• Enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions
• enzymes are mostly lipids

Carbohydrates such as glucose are used for immediate energy by cells.  More complex carbohydrates such as starch and glycogen are used to store glucose for longer periods of time.  Which of these details another common use of carbohydrates by living cells?

• cellulose is used in plant cell walls as a structural component
• enzymes speed up reactions in cells
• proteins such as collagen and keratin make up skin and nails
• carbohydrates make up most of the liquid portion of the cytoplasm