Long Bone Anatomy

Shaft, or middle section, of a long bone

• Diaphysis

• Epiphysis

• Periosteum

• Articular cartilage

The enlarged end of the bone.

• Diaphysis

• Epiphysis

• Periosteum

• Articular cartilage

Thin layer of hyaline cartilage located on the distal and proximal epiphysis of the bone.

• Diaphysis

• Epiphysis

• Periosteum

• Articular cartilage

Tough layer of fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the bone and is continuous with tendons and ligaments

• Diaphysis

• Epiphysis

• Periosteum

• Articular cartilage

Hollow space within the diaphysis, which contains the yellow marrow.

• Medullary Cavity

• Red marrow

• Endosteum

• Yellow marrow

Thin layer of cells lining the medullary cavities

• Medullary Cavity

• Red marrow

• Endosteum

• Yellow marrow

Located within the spongy bone and is involved in blood cell formation (hematopoiesis)

• Medullary Cavity

• Red marrow

• Endosteum

• Yellow marrow

Located in the medullary cavity and functions as a fat storage area

• Medullary Cavity

• Red marrow

• Endosteum

• Yellow marrow

Layer of protective hard tissue that is composed of repeating units of osteons

• Compact bone

• Epiphyseal plate

• Spongy bone

Mesh-like tissue made of interconnecting trabeculae and spaces filled with red marrow

• Compact bone

• Epiphyseal plate

• Spongy bone