Chap 2: Era Overview: Foundations of World History

A hunter-gatherer is someone who subsists by

• solely gathering and eating edible berries and plants.

• stealing the livestock and crops of other people.

• hunting with a large group to catch many animals at once.

• eating both wild plants and wild animals.

Culture refers to

• a group’s beliefs, practices, and customs.

• an individual’s personal values, customs, and beliefs.

• a tribe’s supernatural stories, tales, and beliefs.

• a group’s abandoned rituals, traditions, and customs.

Domestication is a biological process in which

• humans physically evolve to adjust to different climates and ways of life.

• animals and humans adopt similar physical attributes as result of continual interaction.

• humans change the physical characteristics of wild plants and animals.

• wild animals and plants physically alter without having any contact with humans.

Sedentary describes someone who

• consistently migrates each season.

• prefers to travel from tribe to tribe.

• stays in a permanent place year-round.

• is exiled from their own community.

A group that is composed of pastoral nomads

• relies mostly on wild plants because they are against cultivating.

• periodically move with their herd of domesticated animals in search of fresh pastures.

• lives in a permanent settlement and raises livestock in fenced-in pastures.

• must move to different pastures because of their strict vegetarian diet.

Cultural diffusion is the

• replacement of a culture with a new, different culture.

• integration of two cultures to produce a brand new culture.

• adoption of a culture that had previously been extinct.

• spread of cultural elements from one society to another.

A civilization is a

• highly organized and complex society.

• culture whose practices are identical to those of its ancestors.

• a very primitive and simple society.

• group of people that are orderly.

In a social system, a hierarchy consists of

• all members of a society holding equal power.

• people in a group being ranked based on their importance.

• each person being free to decide their own role in society.

• members of a group rotating responsibilities and duties.

The term city-state describes a political unit

• composed of two opposing cities located right next to each other.

• in which multiple cities unite together for military purposes.

• made up of both cities and states that work collectively to survive.

• that consists of an independent state and its surrounding lands.

When something is interregional, it

• is used by more than one region or society.

• is a product from two or more different regions.

• integrates two societies to form a single society.

• connects two or more regions together.