Chapter 21 American Pageant

At the beginning of the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln favored

• quick military action to show the folly of secession.

• long-term enlistments for Union soldiers.

• making the Civil War about ending slavery.

• postponing military action as long as possible.

The Union's defeat in battle at Bull Run in 1861 was better than a victory because

• it caused Lincoln to declare a war against slavery.

• “Stonewall” Jackson was killed.

• the defeat caused Northerners to face up to the reality of a long, difficult war.

• Ulysses S. Grant took command of the army immediately after the setback.

George B. McClellan, commander of the Army of the Potomac, is best described as

• poorly prepared for military leadership.

• overly cautious.

• aggressive.

• disliked by his own men.

As a result of the Confederate victory in the Peninsula Campaign

• the Union turned to a strategy of total war.

• Lincoln delayed his issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation.

• Lincoln named Ulysses S. Grant as commander of the Union forces.

• Robert E. Lee was named to command the entire Southern army.

In invading Maryland, one of Lee's key objectives was to

• inspire the Border States to rise up and join the Confederacy.

• capture Lincoln and his Cabinet.

• destroy McClellan's army.

• capture or destroy Union arsenals and railroad lines.

A victory at Antietam probably would have won Confederate independence because

• Lincoln would have been unable to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.

• the Republicans would have lost the subsequent congressional elections.

• France and Britain were on the verge of recognizing the Confederate government.

• the Union armies were already heavily demoralized.

The two major battles of the Civil War fought on Union soil were

• Peninsula Campaign and Fredericksburg.

• Gettysburg and Antietam.

• Bull Run and Vicksburg.

• Shiloh and Chancellorsville.

The North's victory at Antietam allowed President Lincoln to

• keep General McClellan as commander of the Union forces.

• force the Border States to remain in the Union.

• seek military assistance from Great Britain.

• issue the Emancipation Proclamation.

Slavery was legally abolished in the United States by the

• Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution.

• statutes of the individual states.

• Emancipation Proclamation.

• surrender terms of Robert E. Lee to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox.

The Emancipation Proclamation had the effect of

• quieting public opposition to Lincoln's war policies.

• increasing popular support for the Republicans in the 1864 election.

• strengthening the moral cause and diplomatic position of the Union.

• reducing desertions from the Union army.