Ethics Review

Who founded the theory of Utilitarianism?

• Jeremy Bentham

• John Stuart Mill

• Peter Singer

The principle of utility is...

• the greatest happiness of all those whose interest is in question, as being the right and proper... end of human action.

• the greatest happiness of all those whose preference is in question, as being the right and proper... end of human action.

• the greatest happiness of all those whose interest is at risk of abandonment, as being the right and proper... end of human action.

Mill said that we would prefer higher pleasures if...

• people in authority direct us to them.

• our basic, physical needs are met.

• we have also experienced lower pleasures.

Who does utilitarianism try to get the best outcome for?

• the individual

• the boss

• the greatest number of people

• the poor

How should actions be measured according to Utilitarianism

• By how hard you try to do the right thing

• By what your intentions were

• By which rules you followed

• By how much happiness or pleasure they produce

This German philosopher thought he had the perfect theory of ethics in his deontological approach

• Jeremy Bentham
• John Stuart Mill
• Immanuel Kant
• Friedrich Nietzsche

What is "universalizbility"?

• When a maxim takes motives into account.

• When someone can justify the application of a maxim to themselves

• When a maxim can be applied to everyone.

Kant's theory that we have an obligation to act in a way that we would only concede that everyone else could act as well.

• Categorical Imperative
• Third Formulation
• Madman at the Door
• Hospital Example

Which is NOT a strength of Kantian Ethics 

• It is universal so everyone is treated equally and given equal value.
• Human life is given particular value.
• It promotes good will, which is beneficial for society
• It relies on good consequences

the only thing that’s good without qualification

• duty
• good will
• morality
• reason