9 Weeks 3 Review A

Which factor contributed most to the development of the Renaissance in Italy?

• City-states in Italy had become wealthy from trade.

• Noble in Italy had been military leaders in the Crusades.

• The Catholic Church provided political stability to the region.

• The region had become politically unified under one Italian king.

The most immediate cause of the Reformation included-

• Erasmus' publishing of "The Praise of Folly"

• Martin Luther's posting of the Ninety-Five Theses

• John Calvin's establishment of a theocracy in Geneva

• Henry VIII's plea to Pope Clement VII for an annulment

The changing social views that emphasized the growing individualism and secularism emerging during the European Renaissance came to be known as -

• enlightenment

• humanism

• rebirth

• reformation

*Life *Liberty *Pursuit of Property

The ideas above are most closely associated with which Enlightenment philosopher and which pertinent U.S. document.

• Thomas Hobbes, the U.S. Constitution

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau, the Emancipation Proclamation

• Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brede et de Montesquieu, the Articles of Confederation

• John Locke, the Declaration of Independence

How did the Reformation change the political composition of Europe?

• The pope became the political advisor to all European Monarchs.

• Eastern Europe became vulnerable to the advances of the Ottomans.

• Monarchies were overthrown and Protestant theocracies were created.

• Nobles were aligned with either Catholic or Protestant traditions and were involved in altercations.

Which enlightenment philosophe is associated with his defense of freedom of speech

• Blackstone

• Montesquieu

• Voltaire

• Wollstonecraft

*Belief in reincarnation *Use of Gurus to teach ethical behavior *Wearing of 5 K's (Five Articles of Faith) *Founded in the 15th century in Northern India

All of these characteristics describe the religion of...

• Animism

• Hinduism

• Islam

• Sikhism

Which fundamental artistic technique still used today was developed in the Renaissance and is demonstrated in the painting and schematic?

• Chiaroscuro

• Contraposto

• Foreshortening

• Linear perspective

How did Gutenberg's invention of the printing press contribute to the Reformation?

• Maps could be updated and printed more regularly to improve navigation.

• Universities used printing presses to create huge libraries.

• The bible was printed in vernacular languages leading to greater criticism of the Church.

• The Catholic Church printed messages from the Pope encouraging missionaries to travel and gain converts.

According to Thomas Hobbes, the social contract involved an exchange of rights for -

• a promise of shared economic prosperity

• the commitment of a ruler to be considerate

• the stability of a strong central government

• a guarantee for the protection of individual rights