Chap. 11. 1 & 11.2 (Genetic Disorders) Quiz Review

Name the Genetic Disorder: A dominant genetic disorder; affects the nervous system; first symptoms do not appear until between the ages of 30 - 50 years old, some symptoms include paranoia, hallucinations, and uncontrollable movements.

• Achondroplasia

• Albinism

• Huntington's Disease

• Tay-Sachs Disease

Answer explanation

Huntington's Disease is a dominant genetic disorder that typically manifests between ages 30-50, causing symptoms like paranoia, hallucinations, and uncontrollable movements, distinguishing it from the other options.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Name the Genetic Disorder: Autosomal dominant genetic condition; affects height and body size; adult height is about 4 ft.

• Huntington's Disease

• Tay-Sach's Disease

• Turner Syndrome

• Achondroplasia

Answer explanation

Achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by short stature, typically resulting in adult heights around 4 feet. The other options do not primarily affect height or body size.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is a symptom of Cystic Fibrosis?

• thick mucus in the lungs

• sickle-shaped red blood cells

• cannot produce blood clotting protein

• different physical appearance

Answer explanation

A key symptom of Cystic Fibrosis is thick mucus in the lungs, which can lead to respiratory issues. The other options relate to different conditions and are not symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis.

Name the Genetic Disorder: recessive genetic disorder; gene found on chromosome 15; characterized by lack of enzyme that breaks down fatty acids; predominant among Jews of eastern European descent

• Huntington's Disease

• Tay-Sach's Disease

• Sickle Cell Anemia

• Parkinson's Disease

Answer explanation

Tay-Sach's Disease is a recessive genetic disorder linked to chromosome 15, characterized by the absence of an enzyme that breaks down fatty acids. It is notably prevalent among Jews of eastern European descent.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Which describes the 23 pairs of human chromosomes?

• 1 autosome pair; 22 sex chromosome pairs

• 2 sex chromosome pairs; 21 autosome pairs

• 2 autosome pairs; 21 sex chromosome pairs

• 1 sex chromosome pair; 22 autosome pairs

Answer explanation

Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes: 22 pairs are autosomes and 1 pair is sex chromosomes (XX or XY). Therefore, the correct description is 1 sex chromosome pair and 22 autosome pairs.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

TRUE or FALSE: There are four alleles for blood type, making blood type a good example of multiple alleles.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

False. There are actually three main alleles (A, B, O) for blood type, making it a classic example of multiple alleles, but not four. Thus, the statement is incorrect.

Name the Genetic Disorder: caused by altered genes; results in lack of skin pigment

• Albinism

• Cystic Fibrosis

• Hemophilia

• Achondrolasia

Answer explanation

Albinism is a genetic disorder caused by altered genes that leads to a lack of skin pigment, resulting in lighter skin, hair, and eyes. The other options do not relate to skin pigmentation.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

When both alleles are expressed in the heterozygous condition

• Incomplete dominance

• Codominance

• Complete dominance

• Intolerance

Answer explanation

In codominance, both alleles in a heterozygous individual are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that displays characteristics of both alleles. This is different from incomplete dominance, where a blend occurs.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The following picture represents what pattern of inheritance?

• Complete dominance

• Incomplete dominance

• Co-dominance

• Sex-linked inheritance

Answer explanation

The picture likely shows a blending of traits, characteristic of incomplete dominance, where the phenotype is a mix of the two parental traits, rather than one trait completely dominating the other.

Incomplete dominance results in _______

• Full expression of both alleles

• A blend of the two alleles.

• Expression of the more dominant trait

• Expression of the more recessive trait

Answer explanation

Incomplete dominance results in a blend of the two alleles, meaning neither allele is fully expressed. This leads to a phenotype that is a mix of both parental traits, distinguishing it from complete dominance.