Absolutism, Enlightenment, and Revolutions

'Absolutism' refers to WHICH of the following governmental ideologies?

• Constitutional Monarchy

• Absolute Monarchy

• Absolute Democracy

• Absolute Dictatorship

Which of the following gave kings their 'right' to rule?

• Hammurabi's Code

• Divine Right

• Magna Carta

• English Bill of Rights

What is the belief that a leader gets his or her power from God?

• Absolutism
• Divine Right
• Junkerism
• Peace of Westphalia

Philosophes:
People have "natural rights” and gov’t was from consent of the governed

• Locke
• Hobbes
• Rousseau
• Montesquieu

Philosophes:
Felt that people naturally evil and need government to keep them in line

• Locke
• Hobbes
• Rousseau
• Montesquieu

Philosophes:
A social contract where people give up rights to be protected by gov’t

• Voltaire
• Hobbes
• Rousseau
• Montesquieu

Philosophes:
Recommends govt. have three branches with "checks and balances"

• Voltaire
• Hobbes
• Rousseau
• Montesquieu

Philosophes:
Thought that people should have a right to free expression and free speech

• Voltaire
• Locke
• Rousseau
• Montesquieu

Attempts at reform during the Enlightenment (Age of Reason) sought to…

• Restrict education to the upper classes.
• Improve the well being of all people.
• Limit the spread of religious freedom.
• Make tougher penalties for criminals.

Where did Thomas Jefferson get the ideas for the Declaration of Independence?

• he copied the French Revolution
• he copied the French Revolution
• from ancient Greek philosophy
• European Enlightenment writers like Locke and Rousseau