EL 316 Chapter 4 Review

Phonemic awareness is the basic understanding that

• phonics is the foundation for reading.

• speech is composed of a series of individual sounds.

• every word must contain a vowel.

• speech must vary according to usage.

The smallest units of speech are

• graphemes.

• morphemes.

• phonemes.

• words.

A strategy for segmenting sounds in a word that involves drawing a box to represent each sound in a word is

• sound matching

• a) box reading.

• a) miscue analysis.

• a) Elkonin boxes.

Research has shown that the most powerful predictor of later reading achievement is

• fine-motor ability.

• phonemic awareness.

• visual acuity.

• good nutrition.

When working with students who are English learners, researchers recommend

• providing explicit instruction in phonemic awareness.

• eliminating phonemic awareness instruction from the curriculum.

• requiring students to write in their native language.

• requiring students to read orally in their native language.

As the teacher added words to the Word Wall, six-year-old Bill pointed to the word will and said, “I can read that word because it looks like my name.” Bill used the phonics strategy of

• miscue analysis

• phonic analysis

• decoding by analogy

• decoding by visualization

The principal correctly advised a newly hired first-grade teacher that he should

• excuse students who are English learners from phonics instruction

• require students to memorize all phonics rules

• refrain from explicit phonics instruction.

• teach phonics skills in a predetermined sequence.

Phonemic awareness instruction helps children use the phonemic awareness strategies of

• decoding by analogy and syllabication.

• syllabication and segmenting.

• decoding and blending.

• blending and segmenting.

Preschool teachers can nurture young children’s phonemic awareness with developmentally appropriate activities such as

• standardized tests and student interviews.

• drills and worksheets with large spaces for writing.

• singing songs and sharing word play books.

• timed tests and songs with rhyming words.

In the word cat, the rime is

• c-.

• -at.

• -t.

• cat.