IGCSE sociology culture and identity concepts

A definition of culture is

• 
• A shared way of life of a group of people with shared norms and values.

• Different types of culture existing in different societies

• Standardised or mass produced products available to large groups of people.

What is a subculture?

• A culture that is different from other cultures and less good.

• An underwater culture.

• A smaller group with distinctive norms and values that is different to the mainstream majority group.

• A little group of people with norms and values which are similar to the mainstream group.

What are values?

• Numbers that relate to how good something is

• Unwritten rules about how to behave

• standards shared by members of a culture and used to judge whether behaviour is right or wrong.

• A position that someone has in society

How is a social identity formed?

• Our sense of social identity is formed by eating healthy food.

• Our sense of social identity is formed through biological processes

• Our sense of social identity emerges from chatting with our friends on social media.

• Our sense of social identity arises out of our interaction with other, so that we develop our identity based on what others think of us ans well as our own perceptions of ourselves.

What is peer pressure?

• Excluding someone from the main social community or group

• The influence that a peer group has on its members to persuade them to perform.

• Pushing a friend around

• The use of force or violence.

What is the functionalist view of social control?

• Functionalists believe that social control is something that happens naturally.

• Functionalists believe that the process of socialization ensures that people conform to societies' norms and values as they have internalized the societies norms and values and want to do the right thing.

• Functionalists believe that people conform because they are afraid of sanctions.

• Functionalists believe that social control is a result of powerful people brainwashing people

Which of these are examples of sanctions in modern industrial society? ( select all correct)

• Food vouchers

• Fine

• Prison sentence

• Discharge

In what ways is the Amish way of life different from most Americans?

• Lifestyle based on religious practices and beliefs

• Dress very plainly and simply

• Reject features of modern life like technology and global travel.

• Wear colourful hairstyles.

What is diversity?

• Cultures which are in close contact in society

• Where there are many differences in and between human cultures

• Cultures which share many features

• An under water swimming method.

What is cultural relativism?

• considering all cultures on their own terms rather than from a Western point of view

• Elements in all cultures which can be seen everywhere.

• All main world religions have this

• A society in which many different cultures or subcultures exist alongside each other.