Types of GPS Approaches in the USA

Older GPS approaches created before WAAS technology generally offer only ____ minimums and circling minimums.

• LNAV

• LNAV/VNAV

• LPV

• LP

What are GPS approaches are generally titled "RNAV (GPS) . . ." ?

• R stands for "relative" and GPS measures distance relative to the center of the earth

• Some aircraft use other area navigation equipment besides GPS to fly the approaches

• RNAV means "radio navigation" . . . all GPS approaches can also be flown with traditional radio navigation (ILS, LOC, VOR, NDB)

Which line of GPS approach minimums is NOT a WAAS approach

• LPV

• LP

• LNAV/VNAV

• LNAV

Which line of GPS minimums is generally considered "best"

• LPV

• LP

• LNAV/VNAV

• LNAV

Which line of GPS minimums offers lateral accuracy similar to a LOC approach

• LPV

• LNAV/VNAV

• LNAV

• LNAV+V

Garmin brand avionics often provides a suggested vertical descent path ("+V") from the FAF onwards. Describe a DRAWBACK of this vertical guidance

• it is not surveyed for obstacles between the MAP and threshold

• the descent angle of the +V path varies along the final approach segment

• the +V flight path tends to destabilize the final approach

• the +V flight path intersects the ground prior to the runway

You are flying an approach with both LPV and LNAV minimums published. Approaching the FAF, your GPS reads "LNAV" when you were expecting "LPV." You should:

• descend to LPV minimums since the approach plate supports it

• descend only to LNAV minimums since satellite accuracy does not support LPV

• fly a missed approach because satellite accuracy is not safe for IFR flight

• expect your GPS to switch to LPV after you pass the FAF

True or False: if a GPS approach has a final approach waypoint and a missed approach waypoint that exactly match with a VOR-DME approach, you may substitute VOR-DME navigation for GPS navigation.

• True

• False

How do you know if your aircraft is able to use GPS approaches and RNAV departures with "RNP 1.0" or "RNP 0.3" in the title?

• specific procedures for RNP approaches will be published in the Flight Manual or company operational specifications for RNP approaches

• all WAAS-equipped GPS units support RNP approaches and departures

• phone the FAA

• the power-on screen of the GPS will list "RNP 1.0 capable" and/or "RNP 0.3 capable"

Which GPS approach minimums include a vertical glidepath from the FAF to the threshold that guarantees obstacle clearance? Select all that apply.

• LPV

• LP

• LNAV/VNAV

• LNAV