Biochem SOL Review

Which of the following macromolecules are a prominent part of animal tissues that function in insulation, helping animals conserve heat?

• carbohydrates

• lipids

• proteins

• nucleic acids

What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?

• Enzymes act as products to create new chemical reactions.

• Enzymes act as substrates when the necessary proteins are unavailable.

• Enzymes bond with substrates to create the new reaction products.

• Enzymes act as catalysts to drive chemical reactions forward.

Peroxidase is an enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide in cells. It accomplishes this because of its structure. What part of the enzyme is involved in catalytic activity?

• quaternary structure

• active site

• binding pocket

• pleated sheet

Proteins are formed from monomers (subunits) called ___.

• nucleic acids

• fatty acids

• nucleotides

• amino acids

Enzymes only work with specific substrates because each substrate ___.

• actively interferes with other substrates around it

• destroys its specific enzyme

• can only use a specific ionic bond with the enzyme

• has a specific activation site for enzyme attachment

Most cellular activities are processes regulated by the action of ___.

• polysaccharides

• lipids

• enzymes

• carbohydrates

Amino acids link together by peptide bonds to form proteins. In which cellular organelle would this process occur?

• mitochondrion

• ribosome

• lysosome

• Golgi body

Both lipids and carbohydrates are important in animal cells because both ___.

• provide insulation

• store energy

• form cell walls

• contain nitrogen

According to the graph, addition of the enzyme amylase causes the reaction to ___.

• slow down

• speed up

• take in heat

• give off heat

This graph shows that ___.

• more enzymes are present at a higher pH

• pepsin is less sensitive to pH than trypsin

• pepsin is less effective at low pH than trypsin

• pH affects the activity rate of enzymes