Psycholinguistics

The four theories regarding language, thought and culture. Except

• Speech is essential for thought

• Language is essential for thought

• Language determines or shapes our perception of nature

• Language determines or shapes our world view

• Language determines or shapes our attitude

Here are some definitions of psycholinguistics, except….

• Psycholinguistics is primarily related to developmental psychology, cognitive psychology, neurolinguistics, and speech science.

• Psycholinguistics is an interdisciplinary field of study in which the goals are to understand how people acquire language, how people use language to speak and understand one another, and how language is represented and processed in the brain.

• The Psychology of language deals with the mental processes that are involved in language use, such as language comprehension, language production and language acquisition.

• Psycholinguistics can be defined as the study of the mental representations and processes involved in language use, including the production, comprehension and storage of spoken and written language.

• A combination of psychology and linguistics both which studies the psychological and neurobiological factors that enable humans to acquire, to comprehend, and to produce language.

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In human brain there are language areas that have been proposed for the processing of comprehension and production. These specific areas have been identified as below, except:

• The primary visual cortex is the area mainly used for the process of visual stimuli whereas the primary auditory cortex is for auditory stimuli

• The primary visual cortex is the area mainly used for the process of auditory stimuli whereas the primary auditorium cortex is for visual stimuli

• The upper part of temporal lobe is the main area involved in auditory reception.

• Wernicke’s area plays a major part in the comprehension of speech or visual

• The lower back part of the frontal lobe is primarily involved in the production of speech called as Broca’s area.

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What is language acquisition?

• The process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language

• The process of developing or learning a language

• The process of buying a language

• Learning about a language's origin

• Purchasing a language app on your smart phone

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What is the essence of materialism?

• materialism holds that all things are composed of materials, such as language, are the result of material properties and interactions

• materialism holds that language are the result of mind and consciousness

• materialism regarded mind and consciousness as religious superstitions that were relevant to the study of psychology

• materialism holds that mind and consciousness are the result of language

• materialism regarded mind and consciousness as religious superstitions resulted from above

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Input hypothesis

• learners progress in their knowledge of the language when they comprehend language input that is slightly more advanced than their current level

• It states that there are two independent ways in which we develop our linguistic skills: acquisition and learning

• It states that there are two independent ways in which we develop our linguistic skills: input and output

• It states that there are two independent ways in which we develop our linguistic skills: input and interaction

• meaningful interaction in the target language - natural communication - in which speakers are concerned not with the form of their utterances but with the messages they are conveying and understanding

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Output Hypothesis

• learning takes place when a learner encounters a gap in his or her linguistic knowledge of the second language (L2)

• states that learners progress in their knowledge of the language when they comprehend language input that is slightly more advanced than their current level

• learner's learned system acts as a monitor to what they are producing.

• a learner's learned system acts as a production to what they are producing.

• a learner's learned system acts as an input to what they are producing.

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The essence of Materialism

• the understanding of mind and consciousness is essential to the understanding of the intellectuality of human beings, particularly language

• the understanding of material is essential to the understanding of the intellectuality of human beings, particularly language

• the understanding of mind and consciousness is not important to the understanding language

• the understanding of material is important to the understanding language

• I have no idea

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The theory 'speech is essential for thought' states

• thought is a kind of behavior that originates from speech production

• thought is the basic for speech production

• speech production is the basis for speaking

• human speaks on the basis of thought

• human speaks on the basis of speech perception

Which proponent is appropriate with the theory

• Skinner = Behaviorsm ; Swain = Output Hypothesis ; Krashen = Input Hypothesis

• Swain = Behaviorsm ; Skinner = Output Hypothesis ; Krashen = Input Hypothesis

• Krashen = Behaviorsm ; Swain = Output Hypothesis ; Skinner = Input Hypothesis

• Skinner = Behaviorsm ; Krashen = Output Hypothesis ; Swain = Input Hypothesis

• Swain = Behaviorsm ; Krashen = Output Hypothesis ; Skinner = Input Hypothesis

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